1 / 25

APA Overview

APA Overview. with Jeff Zuckerman and Melanie Brown, PhD Brian Timmerman, Paul Lai, and Beth Oyler Writing Center Staff. Housekeeping. Questions – last 15 minutes (Type in the chat box)  Recording: http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/26.htm. Session Overview.

prewitt
Download Presentation

APA Overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. APA Overview with Jeff Zuckerman and Melanie Brown, PhD Brian Timmerman, Paul Lai, and Beth Oyler Writing Center Staff

  2. Housekeeping • Questions – last 15 minutes • (Type in the chat box) • Recording: http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/26.htm

  3. Session Overview Mechanics (Chapter 4 in APA manual) Writing style (Chapter 3) Citations (Chapter 6) References (Chapter 7)

  4. Poll 1: Self-assessment How comfortable are you with APA style? • I feel brand new at it. • I wish I knew much more. • I am pretty good at it. • I just need a refresher.

  5. APA: Following the rules Photo courtesy JordanFischer at Creative Commons

  6. Writing Center website: APA resources Click on the topic to go to the Writing Center resource: Reference lists In-text citations Walden-specific examples APA-style templates

  7. Punctuation: Serial comma , , , and Three or more nouns or noun phrases Photo illustration courtesy Oddsock at Creative Commons

  8. Punctuation: Serial comma In a series of three or more nouns insert a comma before the word and or or. Three methods for preserving food are drying, canning, and freezing. Harrison, McCartney, Starr, and Lennon (1970) observed that sometimes one must just let things be.

  9. APA : Past Tense • Past tense: Use the past tense when discussing the literature that you read: • Piaget (1960) discussed. . . • Maslow (1954) argued . . . • Korrapati and Carter (2011) found . . . • Lynch (2012) explored. . .

  10. Punctuation: Hyphen • In general, words with prefixes such as non, semi, pre, post, anti, multi, and inter are not hyphenated: • pretest, posttest, antibiotic, antisocial, nonprofit, multiphased, subsample, semistructured • “Self” compounds are hyphenated: self-esteem, self-absorbed, self-efficacy • Hyphenate words that work together to modify another word • evidence-based practice, peer-reviewed research

  11. Capitalization • Do not capitalize • The names of models or theories (theory of learned behavior). • The names of disorders or diseases (bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], multiple sclerosis) • Do capitalize Internet.

  12. Numbers • Express numbers 10 and above as numerals, numbers nine and lower as words • We saw 10 eagles. I bought nine goldfish. Plenty of exceptions… • Use numerals for all: • Statistics, population size, scores, points on a scale: 4 out of 5; 7 points, Grade 8 [but eighth grade] • Percentages, money: 7%; 90%; $5.00; $130.00 • Exact amounts of time, dates: 3 years old; 2 weeks ago; 1 hour and 12 minutes; July 5 • Use words for all approximations: about three years old; about an hour; about six days ago; about three participants

  13. Heading Levels (APA 3.03) Level 0 (chapter/section title in Walden capstone) Level 1 (bold, centered) Level 2 (bold, left justified) Level 3 (bold, indented—not included in Table of Contents)

  14. Level 0 created for capstones Heading Levels (APA 3.03) Chapter 2: Literature Review [L0] Overview [L1] Description of the Literature Search The Construct of Toxic Leadership in the Workplace Toxic Environment Defined [L2] Authoritarianism in the workplace [L3] Incivility in the workplace. Bullying by managers. Effects of Toxicity on Companies [L1] Perspectives of the Followers [L2] Perspectives of the Leaders

  15. Point of view: Pronouns Avoid we, us, our (informal, assumes community) Example: We know it is best for lacrosse athletes to lift weights, but we find it hard to convince high school girls to do so. Better: Lacrosse coaches know it is best for athletes to lift weights, but some coaches find it hard to persuade high school girls to do so (Davis, 2012).

  16. Point of view: Pronouns Avoid you (informal; discouraged in scholarship) Example: You know you have done a good job teaching when your students pass the test. Better: Teachers can assess their own performance by evaluating their students’ grades (Welker & Brady, 2012).

  17. Point of view: First person Refer to yourself with I, me, my, not the researcher or the author Example: The researcher will apply the findings to an after-school program. Better: I will apply the findings to. . . . Tip: Refer to yourself sparingly, as in doing steps in a study.

  18. Citation overview Examples based on Table 6.1, p. 177 in APA manual. See pp. 175-176 of the APA manual for other citation formatting; see our website as well.

  19. Citation overview Space Space Direct quotation from original Swensen and Howe (2012) noted that “the effects of global warming include polar ice melt, which will cause sea levels to flood the world’s coastlines” (p. 232). Parenthetical citation in paraphrase Rising sea levels caused by the melting of polar icecaps threatens coastal areas worldwide (Swensen & Howe, 2012). Part of the sentence and “encouraged” page number in paraphrase Swensen & Howe (2012) noted that rising sea levels caused by the polar icecap thaws threatens the world’s coastal areas (p. 232).

  20. References Overview: Books College Students in the United States: Characteristics Book Renn, K. A., & Reason, R. D. (2012). College students in the United States: Characteristics, experiences, outcomes. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Chapter in an edited book Moxley, R. S. (2012). Leadership as partnership. In L. C. Spears & M. B. Lawrence (Eds.), Focus on leadership (pp. 47-52). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

  21. Online References Variations Journal of Dyspepsia Vol. 19 June 1888 Author known Cook, A. (2012). The effect of war on graduate students in the military (Report 601). Retrieved from The Organization For World Peace website: http://www... Organization known Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2009). Treating migraines. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/treatingmigraines.htm Author and date unknown Policy on truancy. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://pinecity.school.mn.us/policy/truancy

  22. References Overview: Journals Marcus, D. A. (2012). Canine responses to impending migraines. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 18, 106-112. doi:10.1089/acm.2011.0773

  23. Reference overview: Journals If there is no DOI, then include the journal’s homepage URL. Marcus, D. A. (2012). Canine responses to impending migraines. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 18(2), 106-108. Retrieved from http://www.liebertpub.com/acm DOI/URL Flowchart

  24. Poll 2: What error do you see? Reality shows are relatively cheap to produce, garner huge audiences and attract advertisers interested in reaching the age 18 to 35 viewing market (Dolenz, Tork & Nesmith, 2011, p. 42). What error do you see? • The & should be and • No space between p. and the 42 • Missing serial comma • No page number with a paraphrase

  25. Resources and Q&A Writing Center website Library Website APA or writing questions? writingsupport@waldenu.edu Webinar questions? wcwebinars@waldenu.edu

More Related