The World of Plants

1. The World of Plants (B) Growing Plants

2. 1. Give the function of the following parts of a seed Seed coat protection Embryo plant grows into new plant Cotyledon food store until the first green leaves appear

3. 2. In the following experiment to investigate conditions for germination of cress seeds, what conclusion do you come to? Answer: • Seeds need oxygen, water and heat to germinate • Seeds do not need light to germinate

4. 3.. Why can a large seed be planted deeper in the ground than a small seed? Answer: If a small seed was planted too deeply in the ground it would use up its food store (in the cotyledon) before the first green leaves appeared.

5. 4.. What is the name given to the temperature at which seeds will germinate best at? The optimum temperature. Answer:

6. 5.. Below is table to show what percentage of seeds germinate at different temperatures. What is the optimum temperature for germination ? Answer: 20oC

7. 6.. Why was there no germination at 00C ? Answer: Because it was too cold for the enzymes involved in germination to function.

8. 7.. Give the function of each of the following parts of a flowering plant Petal Sepal Anther Nectary colour / scent to attract insects protects the bud before it opens produces pollen contains nectar to feed insects

9. 8.. What is the definition of fertilisation? Answer: Joining together the male and female gamete.

10. 9.. What is meant by pollination in a flowering plant? Answer: ? The process by which pollen grains travel from anther to stigma.

11. 10.. What is the difference between self pollination and cross pollination? • a) Self Pollination means - Pollen is transferred from anther to stigma of the same flower. b)Cross pollination means - Pollen is transferred from anther to stigma of a different flower.

12. 11.. What is the difference between wind pollination and insect pollination? • Wind Pollination means - Pollen grains are transferred by the wind. b)Insect pollination means - Pollen grains are transferred by insects.

13. 12.. Below is a table comparing the structure of wind and insect pollinated flowers. Fill in the gaps. Petals large and coloured Petals small and green Small, light pollen Sticky, spiky pollen Scented No scent Usually produce nectar Never produce nectar

14. 13.. Below you will see a list of flowers. Which are insect pollinated and which are wind pollinated? • Buttercup - • Grass - • Dandelion - • Barley - • Tulip - • Lavender - Insect Wind Insect Wind Insect Insect

15. 14.. • The pollen grain lands on the________ • The male sex cell is inside the __________ • and grows a tube down through the _________ • to reach the female sex cell in the________ stigma. pollen style ovary.

16. 15.. What term describes the pollen nucleus joining with the ovule nucleus ? Answer: Fertilization

17. 16.. Where does fertilization take place in a plant? Answer: In the ovary

18. 17.. Name the structure which always contains the seeds. Answer: A fruit

19. 18.. After fertilisation what do the following parts of the flower become? The flower stalk becomes.. The ovary becomes.. The ovules become.. The petals,stamen,stigma.. the fruit stalk the fruit the seeds wither and drop off

20. 19.. By what method of dispersal are the following seeds scattered? • Dandelion - • Bramble - • Tomato - • Burdock - • Ash - • Strawberry - • Coconut - wind animal internal animal internal animal external wind animal internal water

21. 20. What is meant by asexual reproduction? Answer: • Only one parent involved • No sex cells produced • Producing new plants without forming seeds • No pollination involved

22. 21. What type of asexual reproduction do the following plants display? A potato - A strawberry - An onion- tuber runner bulb

23. 22. Which method of vegetative reproduction is the following statement describing? “special stems grow out from the parent plant and when they make contact with the earth, roots begin to grow. In time a new plant is produced.” Answer: A runner

24. 23. Give some disadvantages of asexual reproduction. Answer: • Plants may be overcrowded • No variation of plant characteristics • Any undesirable characteristics will be passed on

25. 24. Give some of the advantages of asexual reproduction. Answer: • Rapid growth – available food stores from parent • No vulnerable stages of germination and early seed growth • Colonies of the same kind of plant will form – no room for competition

26. How many of the questions did you answer correctly? • If you got any wrong, go back to the beginning and try again!