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Bioproduction Toolbox: Enhancing Biorefinery Economics and Productivity

The ability of a biorefinery to achieve market economics depends on improving accessibility of lignocellulose and hemicellulose contents, and producing value-added products alongside biofuels. Bioproduct modifications pre-harvest involve altering cellulose synthesis, reducing lignin, and eliminating phenylpropanoids. Post-harvest, enhanced enzymes and seed-specific expression aid in bioconversion. Post-processing methods include catalytic alkylations and selective conversions. Biocatalytic nanostructure explores enzyme specificity, assembly, and prediction. Microstructure analysis assesses biocatalytic systems at molecular levels. Enabling toolbox applications focus on gene manipulation for optimal bioproduction outcomes.

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Bioproduction Toolbox: Enhancing Biorefinery Economics and Productivity

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  1. Bioproduct Refining Biocatalytic Nanostructure Biocatalytic Microstructure Enabling Toolbox

  2. Bioproduct Refinery The ability of a biorefinery to achieve market economics will depend significantly on improvements in the accessibility of the C-6, C-5 , and C-3 content of lignocellulose and hemicellulose and the ability to produce value-added products concurrently with ethanol, hydrogen, and biodiesel.

  3. Bioproduct Modification Pre-Harvest 1. Alteration of cellulose synthase 2. Replace cellulose content with starch content 3. Reduce lignin synthesis 4. Eliminate/reduce xylan side chain biosynthesis 5. Reduce phenylpropanoid biosynthesis 6. Eliminate reduce phenylpropanoid crosslinking

  4. Bioproduct Modification-Post Harvest 1. Improved cellulases xylanases 2. Seed-specific expression of heat tolerant and acid tolerant depolymerizing enzymes.

  5. Bioproduct Modification Post-Processing 1. Catalytic alkylation 2. Selective denitrification 3. Selective deoxygenation 4. Selective dehydration 5. Carboxylate reduction 6. Olefin oxidation 7. Olefin metathesis 8. Controlled cracking 9. Controlled reforming

  6. Biocatalytic Nanostructure 1. Stereoselectivity and regioselectivity vs basic catalytic activity 2. Dynamic vs. static structure features single molecule spectroscopy 3. Enzymology at interfaces 4. Metalloenzyme assembly 5. Prediction of protein and enzyme structure 6. Discovery of new enzymes 7. Improved enyzmes via rational design and directed evolution

  7. Biocatalytic Microstructure 1. Transcriptome/proteome analysis 2. Enzyme-enzyme, enzyme-membrane, enzyme-cell wall, enzyme-solute matrix 3. Small molecule import 4. Product export 5. Biocatalytic platforms 6. Metabolomics

  8. Enabling Toolbox 1. Promoters inducers host range mRNA Stability “all or none” 2. Transcription/Translation codon usage folding proteolysis 3. Gene shuffling genomic model assisted high throughput analysis

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