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Introduction DYCHROISM PRL96,110406(2006) vacuum B induced rotation

Vacuum birefringence and dichroism signals in the PVLAS experiment Ugo Gastaldi, INFN-LNL Legnaro on behalf of the PVLAS Collaboration ICHEP’06 Moscow 27- 07- 2006. Introduction DYCHROISM PRL96,110406(2006) vacuum B induced rotation

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Introduction DYCHROISM PRL96,110406(2006) vacuum B induced rotation

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  1. Vacuum birefringence and dichroism signals in the PVLAS experimentUgo Gastaldi, INFN-LNL Legnaro on behalf of the PVLAS CollaborationICHEP’06 Moscow 27- 07- 2006 • Introduction DYCHROISM PRL96,110406(2006) vacuum B induced rotation BIREFRINGENCE QCD-06 and ICHEP-06 vacuum B induced ellipticity • Ellipticity measurements PHASE and AMPLITUDE calibrations with gases VACUUM Measurements • Outcome VACUUM BIREFRINGENCE has OPPOSITE SIGN of He, Ne,… Birefringence m=0.8-1.8meV M=1-7 10+5GeV 0++ boson responsible??? • Prospects CONFIRM LIGHT BOSON INTERPRETATION by REGENERATION measurements REDUCE NOISE INCREASE DUTY CYCLE PRECISE MEASUREMENTS OF m by changing magnet length

  2. PVLAS Collaboration (Trieste, Pisa, Legnaro, Frascati, Ferrara): from left to right E.Polacco, E.Milotti, E.Zavattini, R.Cimino, G.Cantatore, S.Marigo, U.Gastaldi, G.Petrucci and A.Zanetti standing G.Zavattini, M.Karuza, G.Ruoso, G.DiDomenico and F.DellaValle seated (S.Carusotto, G.Raiteri and P.Temnikov are not in the picture)

  3. PVLAS EXPERIMENT • SITE • MAGNET • ELLIPSOMETER • Fabry-Perot CAVITY • MODULATIONS • FINESSE • ELLIPTICITY • CONTROLS • OPERATIONS

  4. PVLAS site: two opposite walls of the square pit support the concrete beam (with turntable and cryostat on top)pit floor and pit walls rest on separate foundations

  5. PVLAS top optical bench resting on 4 granite pillars thatsurround the (rotating) cryostat (with superconducting magnet inside)

  6. Ne run1049_1

  7. N2run1110_0

  8. He run1161_0

  9. Ne run1187_0

  10. Run 807_1VacuumIR light

  11. run945_5VVacuumIR light

  12. Run 1101_0VacuumGreen light

  13. run1137_0VacuumGreen light

  14. Run 1166_0VacuumGreen light

  15. run1167_0VacuumGreen light

  16. November 2005:N2+Ne + Vacuum

  17. November 2005:N2+He + Vacuum

  18. PVLAS: Vacuum, N2 and Ne ellipticity phases of 2004-2005 runs

  19. PVLAS 1064nm light ISOELLIPTICITY and ISOROTATION curves in (m,M) plane

  20. Physics outcome DICHROISM(IR) amplitude circa 4 10-12(published in PRL2006) ELLIPTICITY(IR) amplitude circa 2-5 10-12, phase opposite to CME(He, Ne) ELLIPTICITY(Gr) amplitude amplitude circa 3-15 10-12, phase opposite to CME(He, Ne) If effects observed truly generated mostly by quantum vacuum effects and not by apparatus If microscopic interpretation in terms of existence of ultralight bosons coupled to two photons valid If ultralight bosons have spin zero and only one sort present Phase opposite to CME(noble gases) tells bosons are scalars 0++ m=0.8-1.8 meV M=0.1-0.7 10+5 GeV

  21. PVLAS oasis in desert of (m,1/M) planemain question:oasis or mirage???

  22. PROSPECTS Confirm LIGHT BOSON interpretation regeneration measurements (in parallel to polarization measur.s) with permanent magnet (beeing purchased to be installed below ellipsometer) Reduce NOISE AMAGNETIC ACCESS STRUCTURE beeing installed PERMANENT MAGNETS planned in place of superconducting m. (no rotating stray field on FP mirrors and other optics elements) Improve SIGNAL Increase DUTY CICLE with permanent magnets (no cryo. constraints) Measure m accurately by changing length L of magnetized volume (in polarization and regeneration measurements)

  23. PVLASafter June 2006 removal of Fe access structure around the vertical granite supportof the top optical bench,that surrounds the cryostat

  24. W=20 mwatt out of FP N=5 10+4 in FP, give 5 10+21 photons sec-1passing through PVLAS magnet C=16 10-12conversion probabilityin PVLAS magnet 1m long 5.5 Tesla8 10+10 bosons sec-1boson beamsR=16/(4x7.5) 10-12reconversion prob.in permanent magnet0.5m long 2 Teslaexpect4 10-2 photons sec-1regenerated in perm. mag

  25. PVLAS superconducting Morpurgo magnet(assembled with vertical bore)before insertion intowarm bore cryostat

  26. Run 1092_0_2SOM 90VacuumB=0

  27. Run 1091_1VacuumSOM 90B=4.35 Tesla Run 1092_0_2VacuumSOM 90B=0 Tesla

  28. B2 dependance of 2omegam signal

  29. Run1091_0SOM 90 Run1084_0 SOM 0

  30. November 2005 , 1ωMpeak :N2+Ne + Vacuum

  31. November 2005 , 1ωMpeak :N2+He + Vacuum

  32. References Iacopini and Zavattini PL85B(1979)151 Maiani, Petronzio and Zavattini PL B175(1986)359 Raffelt and Stodolsky PR D37 (1988)1237 Cameron et al. (BFST Collab.) PR D47(1993)3707 Rizzo et al. IRPC 16 (1997) 81 and refs. therein Zavattini et al (PVLAS Collab.) PRL 96(2006)110406 Gastaldi arXiv:hep-ex/0605072 (2006) and refs. therein

  33. October 2004:Ne + Vacuum

  34. December 2004:Ne + Vacuum

  35. May 2005:Ne + Vacuum

  36. October 2004, 1ωMpeak:Ne + Vacuum

  37. December 2004 , 1ωMpeak :Ne + Vacuum

  38. May 2005 , 1ωMpeak :Ne + Vacuum

  39. B dependence:Oct. 2004, Ne 18mbar 2 ωM peak 1 ωM peak B4 B2 B2

  40. B dependence:Dec. 2004, Vacuum B2 B4

  41. PVLAS532nm and 1024nm light ISOELLIPTICITY curves in (m,M) plane

  42. PVLAS 532 nmlight ISOELLIPTICITY and ISOROTATION curves in (m,M) plane

  43. PVLAS532nm and 1024nm light ISOROTATION curves in (m,M) plane

  44. ---

  45. Regeneration scheme with TWO identical OPPOSITE GOING boson beams

  46. Regeneration scheme with TWO identical OPPOSITE GOING boson beams

  47. Yoke of Morpurgo superconducting magnet

  48. PVLAS Morpurgo magnet :winding of superconducting coils

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