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The United States Court System

The United States Court System. CREATED BY: EMILY WILLIAMS INSTRUCTOR: JACKIE SEXSON PA101-05 11.5.2010. AN OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL AND STATE COURT ORGANIZATION. FEDERAL & STATE COURT. THE GOVERNMENT AND THE PEOPLE. THE FEDERAL COURTS Federal Jurisdiction THE STATE COURTS

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The United States Court System

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  1. The United States Court System CREATED BY: EMILY WILLIAMS INSTRUCTOR: JACKIE SEXSON PA101-05 11.5.2010 AN OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL AND STATE COURT ORGANIZATION

  2. FEDERAL & STATE COURT THE GOVERNMENT AND THE PEOPLE • THE FEDERAL COURTS • Federal Jurisdiction • THE STATE COURTS • State Jurisdiction • IDAHO STATE COURTS • Idaho Jurisdiction • Designed To Work Together The Federal and State Court systems were established by the United States Constitution to be both independent and complimentary of one other; each system possessing it’s own laws and statutes designed to meet the demands of their individual Jurisdictions. The Federal Court Jurisdiction is limited to matters effecting the nation as a whole which cannot or ought not be addressed by a single state. State Jurisdiction is far reaching, encompassing every other legal matter in relation to the people.

  3. THE FEDERAL COURTS SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION: CASES REGARDING THE U.S. CONSTITUTION, FEDERAL STATUTES AND REGULATIONS, ADMIRALTY, MARITIME, FOREIGN MATTERS, AND DIVERSITY OF CITIZENSHIP. (“Constitution,” n.d.) • (“U.S. Court Systems,” n.d.)

  4. FEDERAL JURISDICTION • U.S. SUPREME COURT (Washington, DC) • 9 Justices (Presidential life appointment) (“How the Federal,” n.d.). • Reviews lower court rulings. • Hears Appeals from Administrative Agencies. • Hears no evidence or testimony • Allows brief oral hearings. • Supreme court decisions are final. (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p. 211). Supreme Court of the Land Intermediate Appellate Court Trial Courts • U.S. COURT OF APPEALS (13) (“Federal,” n.d.) • 12 Regional Circuit Court of Appeals . • 1 U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. • Reviews lower court rulings . • Hears no evidence or testimony. • Allows brief oral hearings. • US DISTRICT COURTS (94) (“Federal,” n.d. • One District Court for each state (more based on geographical area). • Jury trials. Evidence and testimony are heard. • SPECIAL FEDERAL COURTS (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p. 210) • Jury trials. • Limited jurisdiction, I.e. Administrative Agencies .

  5. THE STATE COURT SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION: “STATE COURTS HAVE JURISDICTION TO HEAR CASES INVOLVING SUBJECT MATTERS THAT FEREDAL COURTS DO NOT HAVE JURISDICTION TO HEAR. THESE USUALLY INVOLVE STATE LAWS.” (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p,219) • (“U.S. Court Systems,” n.d.)

  6. STATE JURISDICTION • STATE SUPREME COURT • (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p.208-210) • Hears appeals from Intermediate Courts and certain Trial Courts. • Hears Appeals from Administrative Agencies. • Hears no new evidence or testimony. • Allows brief oral hearings . • Rulings are final unless U.S. Supreme Court appeal is available. Highest State Court Intermediate Appellate Court Trial Court General-Jurisdiction Trial Court Limited-Jurisdiction • COURT OF APPEALS (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p.208-210) • Hears appeals from Trial Courts. • May review all or part of the Trial Court record (book). • Allows brief oral hearings. • STATE TRIAL COURTS (Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p.208-210) • Hears cases that limited-jurisdiction courts do not have jurisdiction over. • Jury trial available. • Testimony and evidence are recorded and stored (book). • INFERIOR TRIAL COURT S(Goldman & Cheeseman, 2010, p.208-210) • Hears matters of specialized or limited nature (book).

  7. IDAHO STATE COURTS My home state of Idaho mirrors the federal court system, with three basic levels. The Trial courts, the intermediate court of appeals and the High Courts (“Idaho’s Judicial Structure,” 2008). “THE IDAHO STATE COURT IS MADE UP OF THREE LEVELS: THE TRIAL COURT, CALLED THE “DISTRIC COURTS,” (WHICH INCLUDE THE MAGISTRATE DIVISION); THE COURT OF APPEALS, AND THE HIGHEST COURT IN THE STATE- THE SUPREME COURT.” (ISB, n.d.)

  8. IDAHO JURISDICTION • SUPREME COURT (5 JUSTICES) • Assigns cases to the Court of Appeals • Mandatory Jurisdiction in civil, capital criminal, Administrative Agency, juvenile, disciplinary, and original proceeding cases. • Discretionary jurisdiction in civil, noncapital criminal, Administrative Agency, juvenile, certified questions from Federal Courts, original proceeding, and interlocutory decision cases. (“Idaho,” 2007) Highest State Court Intermediate Appellate Court Trial Court General-Jurisdiction Trial Court Limited-Jurisdiction (“Guide,” 2010) • COURT OF APPEALS (3 JUDGES) • Mandatory jurisdiction in civil, noncapital criminal, juvenile, original proceeding cases assigned by the Supreme Court. • No discretionary Jurisdiction. (“Idaho,” 2007) (“Idaho,” 2007) • DISTRICT COURT (40 JUDGES) • 7 Districts, jury trials. • Exclusive felony and criminal appeals. Misdemeanors. • Tort, contract, real property rights, probate/estate, mental health, misc. civil. • Domestic relations, and juveniles. (“Idaho,” 2007) • MAGISTRATE DIVISION (85 FULL-TIME JUDGES) • Tort, contract, real property rights ($0-$10,000), small Claims (up to $5,000), probate/estate, mental health, misc. civil. • Domestic relations, and Juveniles. • Preliminary hearings, misdemeanors. Exclusive traffic/other violations.

  9. DESIGNED TO WORK TOGETHER • “The powers delegated … to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite…” (Hamilton, Madison, & Jay, 2006, p. 292-293) • “The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as the congress may from time to time ordain and establish.” (“Constitution,” n.d.) • “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people..” (“Constitution,” n.d.) • Two court systems; each with it’s own Jurisdiction, SUCESSFULLY coexisting. THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IS, “ASSIGNED THE TASK OF ACTING AS GUARDIAN OF THE CONSTITUTION AND THE INTERPRETATION OF IT’S PRINCIPLES…” (Skousen, 2006, P. 25)

  10. Works Cited Constitution of the United States (n.d.). Retrieved from The Charters of Freedom “A New World is at Hand” website: http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution.html Federal Courts Structure (n. d.). Retrieved from Unites States Courts website: http://www.uscourts.gov/FederalCourts/UnderstandingtheFederalCourts/FederalCourtsStru... Goldman T. & Cheeseman H. (2010). The Paralegal Professional 2010. Retrieved from Kaplan University website: http://kucourses.com/ec/crs/default.learn?CourseID=4564823&Survey=1&47=7518711&ClientNodeID=404344&coursenav=2&bhcp=1 Guide to Idaho Courts, The (2010). Retrieved from Online Searches, LLC website: http://www.courtreference.com/Idaho-COurts.htm Hamilton, A., Madison, J., & Jay, J. (2006).The Federalist. New York, NY: Barnes & Noble Books. How the Federal Courts are Organized (n.d.). Retrieved from Federal Judicial Center website: http://www.fjc.gov/federal/courts.nsf/page/181?opendocument Idaho (2007). Retrieved from National Center for State Courts website: http://www.ncsconline.org/D_Research/Ct_Struct/state_inc.asp?STATE=ID Idaho’s Judicial Structure (2008). Retrieved from Idaho State Judiciary website: http://www.isc.idaho.gov/mguide/judicial_structure.html Idaho State Bar: Idaho Court System, (n.d.). Retrieved from Idaho State Bar website: http://isb.idaho.gov/general/court_system.html Skousen, W. C. (2006). The 5, 000 Year Leap: A Miracle That Changed the World. National Center for Constitutional Studies. U.S. Court Systems (n.d.) {computer graphics}. Retrieved from Kaplan University website: http://kucourses.com/ec/crs/default.learn?CourseID=4564823&Survey=1&47=7518711&ClientNodeID=404344&coursenav=2&bhcp=1

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