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The Central Nervous System (CNS) 2- The spinal cord

The Central Nervous System (CNS) 2- The spinal cord. Physiology -II PHL 226. Dr. Abdulaziz bin saeedan Pharmacy College. Spinal Cord. The spinal cord is a long bundle of neurons and support cells.

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The Central Nervous System (CNS) 2- The spinal cord

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  1. The Central Nervous System (CNS)2- The spinal cord Physiology -II PHL 226 Dr. Abdulaziz bin saeedan Pharmacy College

  2. Spinal Cord • The spinal cord is a long bundle of neurons and support cells. • It extends from the bottom of the brain down to the space between the first and second lumbar vertebrae. • It is protected by the bony vertebral column. • The length of the spinal cord is much shorter than the length of the vertebral column, extending about 45 cm. • The spinal cord is protected by: • Bone “vertebrae ”. • Spinal meninges. • CSF.

  3. Similar to the brain, the spinal meninges are made up of 3 layers of tissues: 1- The dura mater is the outermost layer, and it forms a tough protective coating. • Between the dura mater and the surrounding bone of the vertebrae is a space called the epidural space, which is filled with fatty tissue and a network of blood vessels. 2- The arachnoid mater is the middle protective layer. 3- The pia mater is the innermost protective layer. • The space between the arachnoid and the underlying pia mater is called the subarachnoid space which contains CSF.

  4. Function: • It transmits signals from peripheral organs to the brain (ascending pathways) and from the brain to the peripheral organs (descending pathways).

  5. Spinal nerves • They are 31 pair of nerves. • They have no special names. • There are: • 8 cervical. • 12 thoracic . • 5 lumbar. • 5 sacral. • 1 coccygeal.

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