2002 Cotton Production Workshop Tifton, GA Culpepper and York

1. 2002 Cotton Production WorkshopTifton, GACulpepper and York

2. Burndown for conservation tillage • Liberty Link Technology • Roundup Ready Flex • Early-season weed competition • Touchdown + Dual Magnum • CGA 362622 = Envoke; Suprend • Aim (directed treatments • Valor (directed treatments) • Roundup resistance concerns • Tropical spiderwort • Morningglory • Palmer amaranth • Glyphosate formulations Topics for Discussion

3. Cotton Burndown

4. Cotton BurndownFocus: cutleaf eveningprimrose • Put 2,4-D out in Feb/March followed by glyphosate or paraquat near planting • 2. Apply glyphosate or paraquat + 2,4-D near planting (be aware of plant back interval)

5. Cotton Burndown • Put 2,4-D out in Feb/March followed by glyphosate or paraquat near planting • a) better weed coverage, smaller weeds • b) very flexible at planting • c) no plant back issues • d) tank hopefully cleaned out by now • e) two trips are necessary

6. Cotton Burndown • Apply glyphosate or paraquat + 2,4-D near planting (be aware of plant back interval) • plant back restrictions • weed coverage questionable • tank cleanout more of an issue • single application

7. If you want use 2,4-D then Glyphosate plus Clarity* Or Glyphosate plus Valor* *Beware of plant back restrictions

8. Relative Response of Cutleaf Eveningprimrose to Glyphosate Tank Mixes.* Harmony Extra 2,4-D Alone Goal Resource Valor Clarity Aim 16 6 13 6 6 12 7 16 # of trials *Estimates based on GA and NC data 30 DAT from 1999 to 2002.

9. Wheat Response to Glyphosate Applied Alone and in Mixture with Caparol. Ponder Farm, 2001; 16 DAT. Roundup UltraMax (1.6 pt) + 1.5 pt Caparol

10. Summary - cutleaf eveningprimrose 1. 2,4-D, glyphosate + 2,4-D, paraquat + 2,4-D 2. glyphosate + Valor or Clarity

11. Percent primrose control by Liberty. Tifton, 2002. 33 day after treatment.* 93 85 56 20 oz 27 oz 32 oz Liberty *Not an economical option at this time.

12. Wild Radish

13. Wild Radish Impact on Cotton Emergence Wild radish Cotton stand residue* reduction 0.5 29 1.0 78 1.5 100 2.0 100 *percent of soil by weight. Jason Norsworthy, Clemson University.

14. Summary - Wild radish 1. glyphosate + 2,4-D, Harmony Extra paraquat + 2,4-D, Direx, Harmony Extra 2. glyphosate + Valor, Direx 3. glyphosate

15. Liberty Link Cotton

16. Liberty Link (2003) • Approximately 15 bags per sales rep • 2 cultivars: 989 and 966 series, no Bt

17. Liberty Link (2004) Liberty is expensive…..how will it compete

18. Liberty Link (2004) – One Possibility Roundup Ready Seed + 2 application of glyphosate equals (approximately) Liberty Link Seed + 2 applications of Liberty (32 oz)

19. Weed Liberty Roundup Application window + - Eveningprimrose + - Goosegrass - + Large grasses - + Morningglory + - Nutsedge - + Palmer amaranth - + Perennial grasses - + Volunteer peanut + - Liberty vs. Roundup* *Control of many weeds is similar. Assuming proper rates and application.

20. Pitted Morningglory Response to Liberty and Glyphosate. Moultrie, GA, 2001. non-treated Liberty glyphosate (27 oz/A) (0.75 lb ae/A)

21. non-treated Liberty (27.4 oz/A) LL cotton trial, TyTy, 2001.

22. Palmer must be small for Liberty

23. Possible Liberty Link Systems • Yellow herbicide at plant, • Liberty 1-2 leaf topical, • Liberty 6-8 leaf topical, • timely directed • 2. Yellow plus Cotoran or Staple, • Liberty timely 3- 6 leaf, • timely directed

24. Roundup Ready Flex • Will contain new transformation event • Greater gene expression in floral parts • Greater tolerance to later overtop applications • 2006???

25. Roundup Ready Flex tolerance study. 2002.Mechanically harvested seed cotton yield. lb ae/A* *Applied overtop 3-, 6-, 10-, and 14-leaf. **Not in commercial variety.

26. Early Season Weed Competition 2 inch weeds 5 inch weeds 8 inch weeds Application Timing

27. Early Season Competition • First 4 to 6 weeks still most important for weeds • 2. Approximately 40% of time use PRE or be willing to make 2 topical applications following label recommendations.

28. Effect of PRE Herbicides on RR Seedcotton Yield.1 No PRE Avg. 10 PRE’s 1460 a 1070 b 1Study in 1998 conducted at Goldsboro, NC.

29. Trifloxysulfuron-sodium • Trifloxysulfuron-sodiumis a post-emergence, broad-spectrum, ALS inhibitor herbicide • Trifloxysulfuronwill be marketed in two brands: • Envoke –75WG trifloxysulfuron • Suprend –trifloxysulfuron + prometryn

30. Envoke • New product from Syngenta • Fourth quarter EPA work plan • Broadleaf and sedge herbicide, do NOT mix with graminicides • Short soil residual; limited PRE activity

31. Weed Envoke Staple Application window + Dayflower species ++ Morningglory + Nutsedge ++ Palmer amaranth + Prickly sida ++ Sicklepod ++ Smallflower mg** ++ Tall morningglory ++ Envoke vs. Staple* *Assuming proper postemergence rates and application. **Absolutely no control by Envoke

32. Zorial PRE + Envoke 0.0047 LB A/A 14 DAT

33. Envoke applied under Envoke applied under favorable conditions dry conditions 14 DAT

34. Smallflower Morningglory Control. 14 DAT. glyphosate Envoke

35. Envoke • Mix with Staple or glyphosate: • Apparently NO

36. Envoke • Where might Syngenta promote the herbicide?

37. Syngenta RR Cotton Herbicide Program plus

38. Nutsedge Control with Envoke Untreated check Glyphosate + Dual 1- to 2-leaf Envoke 5- to 8-leaf

39. Injury Issues with Envoke • Expect some injury. Usually moderate but occasionally severe. Recovers quickly with no yield loss in most studies across Southeast. Envoke 0.0047 lb/A OT 4-lf Non-treated Control

40. Suprend • New cotton herbicide from Syngenta • Contains trifloxysulfuron-sodium + prometryn • at 1:133 ratio • Formulated as 80% WDG • Applied postemergence-directed • Use rate of 1 to 1.5 lb/acre • 1.0 lb Suprend 1.6 pt Caparol • 1.5 lb Suprend 2.4 pt Caparol • Broadleaf weeds and nutsedge; weak on grasses ~ ~

41. Syngenta Cotton Herbicide Program + Dual MAGNUM

42. Touchdown plus Dual Magnum • Apply to cotton > 3” but before 5 leaf stage • Do not use ANY additive, avoid dew

43. Injury Range From glyphosate plus Dual

44. Cotton Response to Glyphosate + Dual* heavy dew no dew *Application with dew applied 7 am. Application without dew applied 11 am.

45. Touchdown plus Dual Magnum • Apply to cotton > 3” but before 5 leaf stage • Do not use ANY additives, avoid dew • Do not mix with staple

46. Do not apply Dual and Staple within a couple of days of each other glyphosate + Dual glyphosate + Dual + Staple

47. Touchdown plus Dual Magnum • Apply to cotton > 3” but before 5 leaf stage • Do not use ANY additives, avoid dew • Do not mix with staple • Residual weed control of pigweeds, grasses, pusley, and spiderwort

48. glyphosate @ 4 leaf cotton + Dual Magnum 1 pt/A 1) Dayflower emerged 3 to 7 day after 4 leaf application. Rain 3 d after application. 2) Prowl applied PRE. No layby.

49. glyphosate @ 4 lf + 1 pt Dual Magnum Attapulgus, 2001 *Irrigated within 48 hrs.

50. Weed Dual Staple Annual grasses ++ Dayflower species ++ + Florida pusley + Morningglory ++ Nutsedge + Palmer amaranth ++ ++ Sicklepod Cost of treatment ++ Dual vs. Staple in Glyphosate Topical Mixture* *Assuming proper postemergence rates and application.