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Computer Science

Computer Science. Developed By FIZZA HASNAIN. Introduction. It is a electronic device used in almost all the fields now-a-days e.g. medical science, military, maintenance of accounts. They work fast and make our work easier. Earlier’s computer.

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Computer Science

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  1. Computer Science Developed By FIZZA HASNAIN

  2. Introduction • It is a electronic device used in almost all the fields now-a-days e.g. medical science, military, maintenance of accounts. • They work fast and make our work easier.

  3. Earlier’s computer • Abacus was the first calculating device, consists of row of wires in a wooden frame, which have beads strung on them. Calculation was fone on an abacus by sliding the beads along the wire. • Napier’s Bones was the second calculating device developed by John Napier. • Slide rule was developed by William Oughtred in 1620 for calculation.

  4. Types of Computers • Based on Technology Used • Based on Size and Storage Capacity

  5. A. Technology Based • Analog : These are mainly used for temperature, speed etc. • Digital: Represent and store data in binary form. • Hybrid : Uses both analog and digital.

  6. B. Based on size and storage capacity • Supercomputer : Biggest and fastest, for complex applications. • Mainframe : Slower than (i), used in centralized location connected with many terminals • Minicomputer : Smallest, used for distributed applications

  7. ……..continued • Microcomputer : Smallest digital, uses a single chip (integrated circuit) ,can be used as a stand-alone machine and terminal.

  8. Types of Microcomputers • Desktop PC : They fit on a desktop and are used widely in offices and homes. • Portable PC : They can be carried from one places to another e.g. Laptops, Notebook computers

  9. Terms used in computers • Hardware • Software • Mother – Board and CPU • Input Devices • Output Devices • Storage Devices • Cards

  10. ........continued • Ports and Cords • Power Supply • Cabinet

  11. Hardware It refers to any physical component of a computer. For example CPU, Monitor, Keyboard, Hard disk

  12. Software It refer to the programs which are required to operate the computer e.g. BASIC, COBOL, dBASE etc.

  13. Mother Board It is the most important part which contains CPU and other chips of computer system

  14. Input Device These are used to input data, information and instructions into the RAM (Random Access Memory) of the computer e.g. keyboard, scanner etc.

  15. Output Devices Output devices are hardware components which are used to display or print the information e.g. monitor, printer etc.

  16. Storage Devices These are used to store data permanently which is not erased when we switch off the computer e.g. hard disk, floppy

  17. Cards Cards are the printed circuit boards used to hold the chips (integrated circuit) e.g. sound card, LAN card etc.

  18. Ports and Cords The rear of a PC has many empty holes or external sockets called ports or connectors. Cords are the cables used to plug into the ports for flow of data e.g. keyboard cord, power cord

  19. Power supply It is that important hardware which provides the power source to a computer. Power supplies vary in size and power (in watt).

  20. Cabinet • All the hardware components of a PC except input and output devices are placed inside a metallic box called Cabinet which is available in many design.

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