Kamloops Forest District Bark Beetle Update, December 2002

1. Kamloops Forest District Bark Beetle Update, December 2002 Dendroctonus ponderosae Photo Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

2. COMMERCIAL TREE SPECIES lodepole pine Douglas-fir

3. Bark beetles are very small, cylindrical insects they must work together to “mass attack” trees

5. Beetles fly in late summer Locate susceptible host (large, old pine) to attack Pitch response to beetle attack Slide Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

6. Frass and boring dust at the base of an attacked tree Slide Source: N. Jeans-Williams

7. PROTECTED UNDER THE BARK • The young beetles develop under the relative shelter of the bark over the next year • The new brood emerge in July/August following year and attack adjacent trees Larvae in galleries Slide Source: N. Jeans-Williams

8. Galleries under the bark LARVA ADULT Slide Source: N. Jeans-Williams

9. pupa teneral adult larva Mountain pine beetle is well set to overwinter Slide Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

10. How does a mountain pine beetle outbreak begin? weather beetles host Synchronous 1 year life cycle Slide Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

11. The Provincial Perspective - 2002 Overview mountain pine beetle • Kamloops Region:35,903 ha affected • Cariboo, Prince George and Prince Rupert Regions:1.7 million ha affected • Provincial Total: • 1.9 million ha affected Data Source: MoF Forest Practices Branch

12. TWEEDSMUIR PARK Summer 1999

13. Provincial MPB affected area 2002 Map Source: MoF, Forest Practices Branch

14. Cumulative MPB affected area 1959-Present Map Source: Pacific Forestry Centre, NRC

15. Houston Prince George Quesnel 100 Mile House The mountain pine beetle outbreak in Central BC 2001 NEWS RELEASE Date: November 28, 2001 CLMA/NFPA Mountain Pine Beetle Emergency Task Force: Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic Now 98 per centof Provincial Allowable Annual Cut Source: CLMA/NFPA

16. 2002 mapped mountain pine beetle, Kamloops Region Map Source: Kamloops Forest Region

17. 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1981 1991 1975 1977 1979 1983 1985 1987 1989 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 27 year history of MPB in the Kamloops Region Thousands of hectares affected Year 2002 area increased by ~ 6,000 ha from 2001 to almost 36,000 ha Data Source: Kamloops Forest Region

18. Hectares affected by MPB & estimated expansion rates (Green:Red ratios) Slide Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

19. 2001 green to red ratio for the mountain pine beetle ~ 4 to 1 Slide Source: L. Maclauchlan, Kamloops Forest Region

20. Kamloops Forest Region Aerial Overview Survey, 2002 Damaging Agent Ha affected(in Region) Mountain pine beetle 35,903 ha Western balsam bark beetle 24,455 ha Douglas-fir beetle 2,697 ha Spruce beetle 1,027 ha Data Source: Kamloops Forest Region

21. MPB Hazard Rating • Identifies stands where high losses can be expected should a beetle outbreak arise • The rating considers stand age, host basal area, stand density and elevation • Hazard Rating is sometimes referred to a susceptibility.

22. MPB Hazard Rating

25. MPB Risk Rating • Estimates the probability of an outbreak • Considers the proximity to the nearest active outbreak • Stands at highest risk are immediately adjacent and within 1 km of an active outbreak

26. MPB Management Options • Sanitation Harvest (small or large patch) • Bait and Harvest • Single tree removal • Fall & Burn • MSMA • Prevention • The most destructive beetle pest of mature Douglas-fir • Occurs throughout the range of Douglas-fir in North America Slide Source: N. Jeans-Williams

27. ACTIONS and CONFLICTS? • Treatment Options and Potential Conflicts • Harvesting and logging operations with respect to visual landscape, noise (shift workers), and traffic • clearcutting • horse logging • heavy equipment • trucking • fall & burn (smoke sensitivity) • recreation (ski, snowmobile, golf, etc.) • Other resources - wildlife, water, etc.

28. The current beetle attack in the Kamloops District… with a focus on …...the District of Logan Lake, and the City of Kamloops

29. Area affected by MPB - 2002 Data Source: Combined Region Aerial Overview Survey 2002 and District GPS survey to November 29, 2002 • Total affected area = 18,572 ha • 6,000+ GPS tags and polygons Data Source: Cascadia Nat. Res. Cons.

30. Kamloops Forest District MPB 2002

38. ACTIONS TO DATE • Regional Aerial Overview Survey (fixed wing) mapped large to small sized Red Attack areas - August 2002 • District Aerial Detailed Survey (rotary wing) mapped very small Red Attack areas - Nov 2002 • Weyerhaeuser Aerial & Preliminary Ground Surveys on high priority areas • District MSMA project at Tunkwa Park • District issued 6 contracts (acc.) $100,000 for ground surveys from Lac Le Jeune to LL Dam to Barnes Lake to Savona to Greenstone

39. PROPOSED ACTIONS • Meet with local governments, user groups, resource companies, private landowners, and etc. • Develop Joint Action Plan for communities and adjacent forests • provide extension services and professional expertise • Presentation at LRUP Meetings in January 2003 • Budget and Implement Action Plan; Monitor, Audit, and modify plan

40. LODGEPOLE PINE DWARF MISTLETOE Archeuthobium americanum Witches’ Brooms Causes stem and branch swellings