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Private Sector Mapping in Afghanistan

The report assesses the current economic landscape of Afghanistan, focusing on identifying key private sector dynamics, performance issues, business climate challenges, and, most importantly, opportunities for new private sector investments. Final report has not been disclosed ,file includes the table of contents.

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Private Sector Mapping in Afghanistan

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  1. Private Sector Mapping in Afghanistan May 2025

  2. Table of Contents Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 1. Main Economic Dynamics .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.1. Population ............................................................................................................................................ 11 1.2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ......................................................................................................... 14 1.3. Employment ......................................................................................................................................... 16 1.4. Inflation and Exchange Rate .............................................................................................................. 17 1.5. Investment ........................................................................................................................................... 18 2. Private Sector Mapping .............................................................................................................................. 20 2.1. Sectoral Economic Performance ........................................................................................................ 20 2.2. International Trade Outlook .............................................................................................................. 24 Merchandise Trade .................................................................................................................................. 24 Services Trade ......................................................................................................................................... 29 2.3. Private Sector Coordination and Advocacy Landscape ................................................................... 31 Private Sector Coordination and Advocacy Landscape Before August 2021 .......................................... 31 Current Private Sector Coordination and Advocacy Landscape .............................................................. 32 2.4. Key Challenges for the Private Sector Development ....................................................................... 34 Field Visit and Desk Study Findings ....................................................................................................... 35 Position at Key Global Indices ................................................................................................................ 40 Demographic and Socio-Economic Inequalities ..................................................................................... 44 Insights from Other Surveys.................................................................................................................... 47 3. Opportunities .............................................................................................................................................. 49 3.1. Sectoral Opportunities ........................................................................................................................ 50 Agriculture .............................................................................................................................................. 50 Manufacturing ......................................................................................................................................... 54 Extractive Industries ................................................................................................................................ 61 Construction ............................................................................................................................................ 64 Energy ..................................................................................................................................................... 69 Banking, Finance & Fintech .................................................................................................................... 73 Healthcare ............................................................................................................................................... 75 Other Prospective Sectors ....................................................................................................................... 78 ICT ..................................................................................................................................................... 78 Tourism ............................................................................................................................................... 83 Medicinal Plants ................................................................................................................................. 85 3.2. Logistics ............................................................................................................................................... 86 3.3. Improving Private Sector Representation ......................................................................................... 89 3.4. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) ......................................................................................................... 91 3.5. Transformative Infrastructure Projects ............................................................................................ 96 2

  3. 4. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................. 100 4.1. Sectoral Opportunities ...................................................................................................................... 101 4.2. Job Creation and Entrepreneurship ................................................................................................ 106 4.3. Access to Finance ............................................................................................................................... 107 4.4. Market Integration ........................................................................................................................... 107 4.5. Private Banking and Financial Infrastructure ............................................................................... 108 4.6. Holistic Approach .............................................................................................................................. 108 4.7. Ten Priorities for Policy Interventions ............................................................................................ 110 References ...................................................................................................................................................... 113 3

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