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Theme 1: Surprise Endings

Theme 1: Surprise Endings. “The Gift of the Magi” “The Lady, or the Tiger”. Literary Terms. Irony. Irony. Irony. Discrepancy between what is expected and what happens. Verbal Irony. Verbal Irony. When a speaker says one thing but means another (similar to sarcasm)

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Theme 1: Surprise Endings

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  1. Theme 1: Surprise Endings “The Gift of the Magi” “The Lady, or the Tiger”

  2. Literary Terms • Irony

  3. Irony

  4. Irony • Discrepancy between what is expected and what happens.

  5. Verbal Irony

  6. Verbal Irony • When a speaker says one thing but means another (similar to sarcasm) • When a literal meaning is contrary to its intended effect

  7. BE QUIET!

  8. Dramatic Irony

  9. Dramatic Irony • Listener or audience understand words or actions that the speaker or character does not • Adds suspense or humor

  10. Senator Palpatine = Evil 4,5,6 (old Star Wars) 1,2,3 (new Star Wars)

  11. Situational Irony

  12. Situational Irony • When the result of an action is contrary to the desired or expected effect

  13. Tone • Author or speaker’s viewpoint of a subject • An author uses denotation & connotation to develop tone in writing. • Denotation: Literal meaning of a word • Connotation: Associated meaning of a word (often positive or negative)

  14. Connotation: Positive or Negative? • Self-confident / conceited • Stubborn / firm • Hard-working / workaholic • Casual / sloppy • Used car / pre-owned car • Warm crackling of a fire / scalding smoke of a fire

  15. Characterization • Methods used to reveal the personality of a character

  16. Types of Characters • Static character: does not undergo any important change from the beginning to the end of the story • Dynamic character: undergoes a change in attitude, circumstance, or values

  17. Methods of Characterization • Direct characterization – makes direct statements about character’s personality • Indirect characterization – reveals a character’s personality though: • Character’s words • Character’s actions • What other characters think about character • What other characters say about character

  18. Theme 2: Suspense! “The Most Dangerous Game” “The Cask of Amontillado”

  19. Foil • Literally, a “leaf” of bright metal placed under a jewel to increase its brilliance • Foil: • A character whose personality or attitude is opposite that of another character • Through this contrast one character highlights the characteristics of the other character

  20. Symbol • Something that on the surface is its literal self but which also has another meaning or even several meanings. • For example, a sword may be a sword and also symbolize justice. • A symbol may be said to embody an idea.

  21. Universal Symbols • Embody universally recognizable meanings wherever used • Ex: light to symbolize knowledge, a skull to symbolize death, etc.,

  22. Constructed Symbols • Are given symbolic meaning by the way an author uses them in a literary work,

  23. Symbolism in “Red Death” • The color red • The ebony clock • The mysterious guest

  24. Mood • The emotional quality or atmosphere of a story • Can suggest a specific emotion or quality of setting • Created by descriptive language, figures of speech, word choice

  25. Mood • How would you describe the mood of “The Cask of Amontillado” • How does Poe create this mood?

  26. Foreshadowing • Author’s use of clues to prepare readers for events that will happen later in the story

  27. Foreshadowing • When did Poe use foreshadowing in the story?

  28. Suspense • A feeling of curiosity, uncertainty, or even dread about what is going to happen next. • Writes increase suspense by giving readers clues as to what might happen.

  29. Suspense • How does Poe create suspense in his story?

  30. Theme 3: Imagination “The Secret Life of Walter Mitty” “Gaston”

  31. Figurative Language • Used to convey something other than the literal meaning of their words • Enriches our experience while reading

  32. Hyperbole • “If I had a nickel for every time I told you that, I’d be a millionaire.” • “Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard round the world.” – Ralph Waldo Emerson

  33. Similes and Metaphors • Compare two unlike objects • Comparison implies a shared quality

  34. Simile • Compares two unlike things using “like” or “as” • Examples: • His face was as red as a tomato. • Compared items: • Shared quality: • The sprinter was like a racecar. • Compared items: • Shared quality:

  35. Metaphor • Compares two unlike things without using “like” or as” • Examples: • The thief was a tiger, ready to pounce. • Compared items: • Shared quality: • The giant’s footsteps were thunder as he walked. • Compared items: • Shared quality:

  36. Personification • Giving nonhuman or inanimate objects the qualities associated with humans or living creatures. • Examples: • The clock frowned at me as I dashed out the door. • Human or living quality: • The puppies played and giggled with one another. • Human or living quality:

  37. Imagery • Language that specifically appeals to one or more of the five sense. • Sight • Sound • Smell • Taste • Touch

  38. Onomatopoeia • Word that imitates or suggests the sound it describes • Buzz • Achoo • Pocketa-pocketa

  39. Melodrama • Sensational plot • Exaggerated emotions

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