Building Administrator Support across Implementation Stages

1. Building Administrator Support across Implementation Stages Using Implementation Science to Support Administrators at PBIS Schools.

2. Exceptional Children Division Behavior Support and Special Programs Positive Behavior Intervention and Support Initiative

3. Presenters • Marcie Beard • Principal, Pitts Road Elementary School, Concord, NC • marcie.beard@cabarrus.k12.nc.us • Trisha Scardina • Assistant Principal, Beverly Hills Elementary School, Concord, NC • trisha.scardina@cabarrus.k12.nc.us • Beth Kolb • PBIS/RtI Coordinator, Cabarrus County Schools, NC • melissa.kolb@cabarrus.k12.nc.us • Laura Winter • Region 6 PBIS Coordinator, NC DPI • laura.winter@dpi.nc.gov

4. Introduction Implementation Science and PBIS in North Carolina

5. Introduction Survey of NC School Administrators • Administrator strategies for actively supporting PBIS (65%) • Intensive supports (53%) • Problem solving with discipline data (44%) • Supplemental supports (40%) • Integrating PBIS and other initiatives (38%) • Supporting a transition away from punitive approaches to discipline (33%) • Effective integration of PBIS into the school improvement plan (28%) • Disciplinary referral practices and procedures (27%)

6. Introduction Key Roles/Factors for Administrator Involvement • Participation • Supporting Team Implementation • Fostering Communication • Creating a Climate • Facilitating Leadership • Establishing a Vision • Considering Policies and Procedures (Kincaid, Childs, Wallace & Blasé, 2007)

7. Implementation Science What is Implementation Science? • Interventions • Stages • Drivers • Teams • Cycles http://sisep.fpg.unc.edu/learning-zone/who

8. Implementation Science Stages • Exploration • Installation • Initial Implementation • Full Implementation

9. Implementation Science Drivers • Competency • Staff selection • Training • Coaching • Performance assessments • Organization • Decision support data system • Facilitative administration • Systems interventions • Leadership • Adaptive leadership • Technical leadership

10. Implementation Science Cycles • Ongoing Problem-Solving =TIPS • Policy-Practice-Feedback Loop http://sisep.fpg.unc.edu/learning-zone/science-of-implementation/implementation-frameworks/cycles

11. Implementation Science PBIS • Administrator focus is impacted by the phase of implementation. • The effectiveness of efforts is increased. • Stages are cyclical, not necessarily linear. Activities during each stage should facilitate progress with the focus of implementation at that time.

12. Implementation Science

13. Exploration Administrator Focus: Exploration Stage

14. Exploration Participation • Public Support (Colvin & Sprick, 99) • Enthusiasm about implementation (Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005)

15. Exploration Supporting Team Implementation • Select effective team members. (Kaster, 2005) • Ensure team is representative of the staff. (Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Know who would be capable team members. (Bohanon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005)

16. Exploration Fostering Communication • Communicate the importance of implementation with all stakeholders. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Regularly communicate implementation actions with staff members. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999)

17. Exploration Creating the Climate Use surveys to establish buy-in. (Kaster, 2005; George & Martinez, 2007) • Ask for perceptions from staff, students and families. • Share discipline/behavior data through gallery walks or PLCs to gather feedback. • Use walk-through tools to capture current practices.

18. Installation Administrator Focus: Installation Stage

19. Installation Participation • Attend training with school team. (Bohanon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Regularly attend meetings. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Model behavior expected of staff and students. • Reinforce staff efforts to meet expectations.

20. Installation Supporting Team Implementation • Support team members with time and resources. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Regularly attend team meetings. (Kaster, 2005; Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005)

21. Installation Facilitating Leadership • Support teacher leaders on the PBIS team. • Provide PBIS team with tools.

22. Installation Establishing the Vision Determine how PBIS implementation will address: • Needs identified through data analysis and problem-solving process • Goals outlined in the School Improvement Plan • Academic performance

23. The School Improvement Plan is written every summer using Baldridge School Improvement Model. Training is facilitated through the district’s Accountability department, with coaching from Curriculum and Instruction personnel. PBIS Schools use data from the Accountability department and the SET Feedback Report from the spring, which is provided by the district coordinator.

24. Fidelity time frame is set up yearly by PBIS Coaches and LEA Coordinator.

25. Installation Fostering Communication • Build communication avenues with staff about implementation. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Communicate team discussions/decisions regularly with all staff members. (Kaster, 2005; Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Provide feedback and reinforcement to staff regarding implementation efforts. (Kaster, 2005).

26. Installation Creating the Climate • Use surveys to establish and maintain buy-in. (Kaster, 2005; George & Martinez, 2007) • Identify teacher leaders and motivators. • Build relationships. • Provide faculty reinforcements and incentives. • Develop leadership skills.

27. Installation Creating the Climate (cont.) • Identify barriers. (Kaster, 2005; Kincaid, Childs, Wallace & Blasé, 2007) • Understand staff perceptions. (Kaster, 2005; Feuerborn, 2011)

28. Creating the Climate (cont.) Strategies for Building Staff Buy In (Feuerborn, 2011) Build a case for change Provide evidence Build administrative supports Build knowledge Build on existing capacity Nature vs. nurture Build a shared vision Build opportunities for dialogue Build ownership Installation

29. Initial Implementation Administrator Focus:Initial Implementation Stage

30. Initial Implementation Supporting Team Implementation • Establish systems to monitor and collect data regarding implementation and outcomes. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Identify funding sources to support implementation. (McKevitt & Braaksma, 2007)

31. Initial Implementation Establishing the Vision Anticipate the resource needs of the team, long-term and short-term. (Kaster, 2005; Bohanon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Use Self-Assessment Survey, Implementation Inventory and SET to drive action plan. • Plan for next year during current year. • Long-term goals should be driven by data.

32. Initial Implementation Fostering Communication • Build avenues to communicate with staff about implementation. (Colvin & Sprick, 1999) • Provide leadership by communicating team discussions/decisions regularly with all staff members. (Kaster, 2005; Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Provide feedback and reinforcement to staff regarding implementation efforts. (Kaster, 2005).

33. Initial Implementation Supporting the Climate • Use surveys to maintain buy-in. (Kaster, 2005; George & Martinez, 2007) • Share data regularly to demonstrate progress towards goals or need to change strategy.

34. Full Implementation Administrator Focus: Full Implementation Stage

35. Full Implementation Supporting Team Implementation • Principal ensures decision-making is data driven. (Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Provide professional development opportunities for staff and PBIS team members. (McKevitt & Braaksma, 2007; Kincaid, Childs, Wallace & Blasé, 2007)

38. Full Implementation Facilitating Leadership • Guide rather than dictate. (Colvin, & Sprick, 1999) • Shared leadership results in stronger teacher working relationships and higher student achievement. • Leaders impact student achievement primarily through their influence on teachers’ motivation and working conditions. (Lewis, Leithwood, Wahlstrom, & Anderson, 2010)

39. Full Implementation Maintaining the Vision Coach team to using evaluations to action plan, rather than as a “score.” Clearly define majors/minors across the LEA and train staff members on consistent reporting. Start conversation about moving from punitive systems of consequences to pyramids of interventions.

41. Full Implementation Sustaining Communication • Provide leadership by communicating team discussions/decisions regularly with all staff members. (Kaster, 2005; Bohannon-Edmonson, Flannery, Eber & Sugai, 2005) • Provide feedback and reinforcement to staff regarding implementation efforts. (Kaster, 2005)

42. Full Implementation Sustaining Communication with Stakeholders http://www.cabarrus.k12.nc.us/domain/1679

43. Full Implementation Creating the Climate • Use surveys to sustain buy-in. (Kaster, 2005; George & Martinez, 2007) • Systematically share data with stakeholders. • Reinforce staff for higher level implementation efforts.

44. Use Surveys to Sustain Buy-In

45. Use Surveys to Sustain Buy-In

46. Use Surveys to Sustain Buy-In

47. Full Implementation Systematically Share Data with Stakeholders

48. Full Implementation Reinforce Staff for Higher Level Implementation Efforts • Teacher Tokens • Every staff member will get paper “tokens” that they will carry in their clear nametag holder. • When you see another staff member correcting a students behavior in a positive way, you will give them a token. • Write your name on the token and be entered for a drawing each month! • Prizes can be duty free recess, order your lunch out, have an administrator do an interactive read-aloud in your class, etc. • WHAT IS THE LANGUAGE TO USE WHEN YOU ARE CORRECTING A STUDENT? • WHAT WERE YOU DOING?WHAT ARE YOU SUPPOSED TO BE DOING? • SHOW ME. PBIS TOKEN PBIS TOKEN

49. Full Implementation Considering Policies and Procedures (Kaster, 2005) • Braid with other initiatives under school improvement. • Sustain successful strategies by writing into policy. • Re-work hiring policies (staff who support PBIS). (McKevitt & Braaksma, 2007) • Distribute PBIS handbook. (McKevitt & Braaksma, 2007) • Adapt and modify implementation to facilitate new implementation strategies. • Use data to monitor and evaluate strategies.

50. Braiding PBIS and RtI