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Matter

Matter. S8P1. Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter. Distinguish between atoms and molecules. Atoms and molecules are always in motion. Atoms. Molecules. Smallest basic unit of matter. An element is made of one type of atom. Atoms combine to form molecules.

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Matter

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  1. Matter S8P1. Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter.

  2. Distinguish between atoms and molecules. Atoms and molecules are always in motion Atoms Molecules • Smallest basic unit of matter. • An element is made of one type of atom. • Atoms combine to form molecules. • A molecule can be made from two or more of the same kind of atom or from two or more different kinds of atoms.

  3. Describe the difference between pure substances and mixtures. • A mixture is a combination of different substances • That remain the same individual substances and • Can be separated by physical means • Pure Substances contain only a single type of atom or molecule. • Elements and compounds The key is that the molecules are bonded together in a compound

  4. Mixture or Pure Substance??

  5. Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas states.

  6. Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of matter. Physical Properties of Matter Can be observed without changing the substance Density Mass Color, Size, Texture Volume Melting Point Boiling Point Chemical Properties of Matter • To be observed, you must see a chemical change • Reactivity: • Combustibility:

  7. Distinguish between changes of matter as physical or chemical. Ask yourself: Is something new formed? Physical Changes Change in any physical property of a substance, not in the substance itself. Stretching clay Coloring paper Cutting wood Chemical Changes • Change of one substance into another substance. • Wood burning • Baking a cake • Rusting, tarnishing • Signs of a chemical change • Production of odor • Change in temperature • Change in color • Formation of bubbles • Precipitate (Formation of a solid from two liquids

  8. Physical or Chemical??

  9. Recognize that there are more than 100 elements and some have similar properties as shown on the Periodic Table of Elements Each element is made of a different atom. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the type of element. • The periodic table is organized by atomic mass and similar properties. • A group is a vertical column of elements • A period is a horizontal row of elements Most elements are metals. Metals are usually shiny, conduct electricity and heat well and can be easily shaped.

  10. Identify and demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter. • Law of Conservation of Matter states that in a chemical reaction atoms are neither created nor destroyed. • All atoms present in the reactants are also present in the products.

  11. Chemical Equations must be balanced • So each side of an equation must have the same number of atoms of each element.

  12. The End

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