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The Wrist and Hand

The Wrist and Hand. Great Mobility = Many Joints. The Wrist and Hand. Radiocarpal wrist joint condyloid joint Carpals two rows of four bones carpal joints gliding joints. Metacarpals carpometacarpal joint intermetacarpal joints m etacarpal- phalangeal joints

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The Wrist and Hand

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  1. The Wrist and Hand Great Mobility = Many Joints

  2. The Wrist and Hand • Radiocarpal • wrist joint • condyloidjoint • Carpals • two rows of four bones • carpal joints • gliding joints

  3. Metacarpals carpometacarpaljoint intermetacarpaljoints metacarpal-phalangealjoints interphalangeal joints The Wrist and Hand

  4. Ligaments of the wrist(radiocarpal joint) • volar (palmar) radiocarpal • volar (palmar) ulnarcarpal • ulnar collateral • dorsal radiocarpal • dorsal ulnarcarpal • radial collateral

  5. Movements of theHand at the Wrist Joint • Flexion • Extension • Hyperextension • Radial flexion (abduction) • Ulnarflexion (adduction) • Circumduction • Carpal Tunnel – finger flexors and median nerve pass through it – overuse my result in pain caused by nerve compression and numbing of the fingers caused by blood vessel involvement.

  6. Movements of the Thumb(saddle joint) • Abduction • Adduction • Flexion • Extension • Circumduction • Opposition

  7. Movements of the Fingers(Hinge joints) • Flexion • Extension • Abduction • Adduction • Circumduction

  8. Muscles of the Wrist and Hand • Of the 19 muscles that move the fingers and thumb 10 are located entirely in the hand – called intrinsics • Those located outside the hand on the forearm but with tendon attachments on the thumb or fingers are extrinsic muscles

  9. Muscles of the Wrist and Hand • Wrist Flexors (proximal attachment) – medial epicondyle

  10. Muscles of the Wrist and Hand • Wrist Extensors (proximal attachment) – lateral epicondyle • These attachments allow these muscles to remain effective across the wrist joint regardless of the position of the forearm – they also contribute to the stabilization of the elbow • Disadvantage is the limiting ROM when there is simultaneous movement across all joints

  11. Cooperative Action of theWrist and Digits • The length of the long finger muscles is relative to the ROM in the wrist and fingers • Long finger muscles do not have sufficient length to permit the full range of motion in the joints of the fingers and wrist at the same time. • Try and flex the wrist and fingers at the same time • Try and extend the wrist and fingers at the same time

  12. Using the Hands for Grasping (Prehension) • Power grip • flexion of all fingers • thumb being primarily a stabilizer • palm is not involved • depends on size and shape of object • uses more extrinsic muscles

  13. Precision handling – involves the use of the thumb and one or two fingers in various positions in order to accommodate a variety of grasping functions • great variability in pressure and fine motor control • more intrinsic muscles being used

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