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Explore the impact of triangular trade on American society and the diverse regions of the colonies. Understand the increase in enslaved workers and the unique characteristics of each colony.
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Chapter 4 Section 1Page100 Life in the Colonies
Objectives • Students will define the triangular trade and explain how it affected American society. • Understand how the regions in the colonies differed from each other. • Understand why the use of enslaved workers increased in the colonies.
Key Terms • Subsistence farming • Triangular trade • Cash crop • Diversity • Tidewater • Backcountry • Overseer
An American Story • 1760 Andy Burnaby didn’t think the colonies could ever live in harmony.
I. New England Colonies • Population in 1700---250,000 • Population in 1770---2,500,000 • African Americans 28,000---- 500,000 • New England towns had a meeting house that faced a green, piece of land for the cows to graze and the citizen army to train. • Most people were subsistence farmers, just enough to feed their family. • Families worked spinning yarn, canning food, milking cows, building fences, sowing and harvesting grain. The colonies population grew in great numbers. • Women married young and had 7 plus kids.
Commerce in New England • Large towns attracted a lot people. • Ship building became an important industry. • They used the timber from the New England area for ships. • Fishing was important.
Colonial Trade • Traded along the Atlantic Coast From Main to the West Indies, to England, and Africa. • Trade included fruit, fur, fish, rice, tobacco, indigo, molasses, cloth, rum, iron tools, slaves, weapons, gold, pepper, store goods.
Triangular Trade I. 1. Items were shipped from England to Africa, to the West Indies, to America which made a triangle shape.
The Middle Passage • The inhumane part of the trading was shipping slaves from Africa. • Became known as the Middle Passage.
The Middle ColoniesMonday Sept, 25 The Middle colonies had fertile soil and milder climate. New York and Penn. Grew wheat and other cash crops that went to the shipping ports in NYC and Philadelphia.
Industries of the Middle Colonies Some were home-based like carpentry and flour making. Some industries were large like the timber and mining companies and iron with many workers.
German Immigrants Germans were successful farmers in Penn. That lived there in large numbers and were Protestant. They along with the Dutch and Swedish population gave the Colonies Cultural Diversity.
III. The Southern Colonies • The soil was rich and suited for large cash crop farming. • They didn’t need the commerce and industry like the North factories.
Tobacco and Rice • Cash crops needed labor. • They first used indentured servants to work the fields. • Then they used slaves from Africa. • The main cash crop in Carolinas was Rice and the Northern States grew Tobacco.
Tidewater and Backcountry • Low flat land on the coastal areas that held the plantation farms. This was called Tidewater land. • Plantations were self-contained communities. The Plantation planter’s wife cared for the running of the main house and slaves. • Backcountry was all the land toward the Appalachian mountains that the poorer people live on to farm.
IV. Slavery • Slave Codes Slaves couldn’t be taught to read. • Couldn’t leave the Plantation. • Punishment minor offenses Whips • Punishment major offenses Burned or Hanging • Family could be split up for sale • People that didn’t like slavery. • Mennonites, Quakers, Puritans
Criticism of Slavery Homework • Page 106-107 Write a short summary of slavery section. 40 words Due Monday. • African Traditions • Criticism of slavery
Chapter 4 Section 1Page100 Life in the Colonies
