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Ground Source Heat Pumps (‘Geothermal’)

Ground Source Heat Pumps (‘Geothermal’). Why use the ground?. Ground Temperatures below ~10m near constant throughout the year. How do you get useful heat from the ground?. Heat Pump Cycle (refrigerator in reverse). Building Side Low Temperature Heating High Temperature Cooling.

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Ground Source Heat Pumps (‘Geothermal’)

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  1. Ground Source Heat Pumps (‘Geothermal’)

  2. Why use the ground? Ground Temperatures below ~10m near constant throughout the year

  3. How do you get useful heat from the ground? Heat Pump Cycle (refrigerator in reverse) Building Side Low Temperature Heating High Temperature Cooling Ground Side Low temperature resource 1 unit of electricity = 3-5 Units of heat or coolth

  4. What do heat pumps look like?

  5. Ground Coupled Heat Pump - “Closed Loop” • Horizontal Ground Loop • Less expensive … but Less Efficient • External area required • Vertical Ground Loop • More expensive… but more efficient • Require less external area

  6. Installation Pictures

  7. Suitable Applications • Heating and Cooling • Suited to low temperature heating (maximum of ~50) and high temperature cooling. • Not suited to older buildings with high temperature heating systems 80/60 • Suited to new build, well insulated buildings, under-floor heating, chilled beams or air based systems

  8. Bio-Energy

  9. Planning Aspects • Requires a stack for larger facilities • Needs good access and storage capacity • Increased vehicle movements • Important to differentiate between clean ‘wood combustion’ and contaminated (waste) facilities or incinerators • Woodland management wins and energy crops grown locally can deliver many benefits

  10. Technical • Very flexible, can produce heat, heat and power (CHP) or heat, power and cooling (trigeneration) • Provides ‘base load power’ • The most important potential on-shore renewable for the SE Region • Applicable to small, medium or large scale applications • Traditional use in rural communities

  11. NIMBYism • Emotional response to energy centre plans – attempts to frighten people • Based on incorrect information or even disinformation • Not uncommon – counter with the facts

  12. Wood Fuel • Renewable energy source unlike others • Directly replaces flexibility of fossil fuels • Heat, electricity, cooling, or combined (CHP) • Carbon neutral TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  13. Wood fuel supply

  14. Slough Heat & Power

  15. Wood fuel

  16. Types of Wood Fuel Types of wood fuel include: • Logs • Wood chip • Wood pellets TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  17. Log Burners • Up to 70% efficiency compared to less than 12% for open fires • Systems available for space heating alone or with back boilers • Buy a burner to suit the room TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  18. Log Boilers TV Bioenergy • Systems can be semi- automated • Rated up to 400kW • Ideal for home workers • Ideal for foresters/tree surgeons Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  19. Woodchip Boilers • Rated from 40kW up to 1MW • Full automated systems • Need to store the fuel in a hopper adjacent to the boiler TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  20. Woodchip Boilers • Low energy density fuel • 18MJ/t compared to 36MJ/t for oil • Vehicle access to fuel store • Low cost fuel • 1.5-2p/kWh compared to 3.5-4p/kWh for oil TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  21. Pellet Stoves • Both pellets and stoves are becoming widely available in the UK • Styles in both classic and modern • Integrated hoppers • Automated feed • Thermostatically controlled TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  22. Pellet Boilers • Require a third of the storage of wood chip boilers • Boilers cost significantly less than woodchip boilers • Fuel is more expensive than wood chip • £180/tonne – 3.6p/kWh • Fuel can be delivered bagged or in bulk • Hoppers can be built into the system TV Bioenergy Wood Fuel Sources Management Harvesting Chipping Dry/Storage Transportation

  23. Hybrid Solutions

  24. Small wind & solar energy …

  25. GSHP with Solar Technologies

  26. Newry Town Hospital Housing DKIT Hotel DHS Land Industry

  27. HOLISTIC • Holistic Optimisation Leading to Integration of Sustainable Technologies In Communities Main Partners • Dundalk (Ireland) • Modling (Austria) • Neuchatel (Switzerland) Associate Communities • Cross border – Newry & Bratislava • Ministry of Environment (Italy)

  28. Holistic Proposal – Demonstration Work packages • Biomass CHP & District Heating • Xerox wind turbine • Renewable Street lighting • Refurbishment - housing • Refurbishment – non residential • New Eco houses • New Eco non residential • Metering & DSM • Voluntary Agreements with Industry • Energy Management Bureau

  29. Targets • 20% renewable electricity in SEZ • 20% renewable thermal in SEZ • 40% improvement in energy performance in • selected buildings • Energy agreements with industry • Upgraded planning by-laws • Integration into wider community

  30. Sources of Further Information

  31. Project supported by GOSE on behalf of the SE Sustainable Energy Partnership Costs met from DTI/SEEDA/GOSE resources Full coverage since November 2005

  32. SEE-Stats website

  33. SEE-Stats website

  34. Contact TV Energy at: www.tvenergy.org 01635 817420

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