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Development of the Constitution

Development of the Constitution. What were the causes of the Civil War?. Causes of the Civil War. Sectionalism Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Nebraska Act Dred Scot Decision: Roger Taney State’s Rights: framers created a perpetual Union. . What do you think?.

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Development of the Constitution

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  1. Development of the Constitution

  2. What were the causes of the Civil War?

  3. Causes of the Civil War • Sectionalism • Compromise of 1850 • Kansas-Nebraska Act • Dred Scot Decision: Roger Taney • State’s Rights: framers created a perpetual Union.

  4. What do you think? • 1. How did sectional rivalries in pre-Civil War America encourage different interpretations of the constitution and the Union? • 2. What basic rights were in conflict in the Dred Scott case and what are some examples of similar conflicts today? • Why did the Southern states believe that secession was a constitutional action? Why did supporters of the Union believe that the South had no constitutional right to secede?

  5. Why did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

  6. The Emancipation Proclamation • “If I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it…” • Freed slaves in the state currently in rebellion. • September 1862, five days after Antietam. • Changed purpose of the war.

  7. What changes were made to the constitution after the Civil War?

  8. The Civil War Amendments • Thirteenth Amendment (1865): • No Slavery • Fourteenth Amendment (1868): • All people born or naturalized within the U.S. were citizens. • Fifteenth Amendment (1870): • Prohibited states from denying citizens the right to vote.

  9. What were the effects of the 13th Amendment? • Blacks were still thought of as inferior • North used freedmen as cheap labor • Black Codes • No interracial marriage • Restricted travel • They were allowed to own property and sue in court but racism prevented this. • Vigilante groups such as the Klu Klux Klan emerged.

  10. How did congress respond? • The Civil Rights Act of 1866 • Passed over Johnson’s veto • 14th and 15th Amendments

  11. How were voting right restricted? • Poll taxes • Literacy tests • Grandfather clauses

  12. What do you think? • 1. How did ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment reflect the failure of the original constitution to achieve the goals stated in the Preamble? • 2. In your opinion, have the goals of the Fourteenth Amendment as originally conceived been achieved? Explain.

  13. The End of Reconstruction • Civil Rights Act of 1875: gave fed. Gov’t power to enforce rights guaranteed under the 14th Am. Declared unconstitutional. • Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio (R. Ohio) promised to end reconstruction in the South in 1876 Presidential election. • 14&15 Amendments not enforced by Federal government or state governments.

  14. What do you think? • Was the failure of the Civil War Amendments primarily the responsibility of elected officials or private citizens? • Which of the Civil War Amendments has had the greatest impact on the protection of individual rights? Explain your reasoning. • What remedies, besides passing laws, might reduce or prevent discrimination? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of these remedies? • Excluding laws, what remedies for discrimination are presently being used in your community or state? Explain them.

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