1 / 11

Prenatal Environment

Prenatal Environment. Reciprocal influence Person and environment Good and bad influences important Teratogen: environmental agent Harms the developing fetus Critical Period: Organogenesis Dosage & duration Genetic make-up: susceptibility. Teratogens-Drugs.

olinda
Download Presentation

Prenatal Environment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Prenatal Environment • Reciprocal influence • Person and environment • Good and bad influences important • Teratogen: environmental agent • Harms the developing fetus • Critical Period: Organogenesis • Dosage & duration • Genetic make-up: susceptibility

  2. Teratogens-Drugs • Thalidomide (for morning sickness) • All or parts of limbs missing • Tobacco: miscarriage, low birth weight, SIDS, slows fetal growth • Alcohol: FAS • Small, facial deformities, retardation • Cocaine: Processing difficulties

  3. Figure 4.6

  4. Teratogens - Diseases • Rubella (German Measles) • Blind, deaf, heart, brain • Syphilis:miscarriage, blind, deaf, heart, brain • After 18th week • AIDS mothers transmit to babies (15%-35%) • Prenatally, perinatally, postnatally

  5. Teratogens – Environmental Hazards • Radiation: MR, leukemia, cancer, mutations, spontaneous abortions, etc. • Avoid X-rays when pregnant • Pollutants • In air and water • Lead - MR (also postnatally)

  6. The Mother’s State • Age: typically age16 – 35 • 15 or younger don’t seek prenatal care • Birth complications, low birth weight • Over 35: miscarriage, Down Syndrome (father’s age also) • Emotion: stress – can stunt fetal growth • Positive outlook most helpful • Nutrition: 25-35 lb weight gain • Malnutrition: smaller neurons, brain, child

  7. Postnatal Depression • Baby Blues, mild, common • Clinical depression: 1/10 • Previous depression common • Children of depressed mothers • Insecurely attached, less responsive • Negative to other children

  8. The Neonatal Environment • Culture, early socialization, health status • E.g., low birth-weight babies (8% in US) • Less than 5 1/2 lbs • Strongly linked to low SES • Environment: neonatal intensive care • Risk: blindness, deafness, CP, autism, cognitive, and later academic problems • Parenting must be attentive, responsive

  9. Risk and Resilience • Not all high-risk infants have problems • Werner: Kauai Longitudinal study (40 yrs) • Findings: • Effects decrease over time • Outcomes depend on postnatal environment • Protective factors • Personal factors • Supportive postnatal environment

More Related