“Wind Power Plant Capabilities: Operate Wind Farms Like Conventional Power Plants”

1. “Wind Power Plant Capabilities: Operate Wind Farms Like Conventional Power Plants” K. Rohrig, B. Lange, A. Gesino, M. Wolff, R. Mackensen, J. Dobschinski, A. Wessel, M. Braun, C. Quintero (ISET e.V.) J. L. Mata (REE) R. Pestana (REN)

2. “Wind Power Plant Capabilities: Operate Wind Farms Like Conventional Power Plants” EWEC 2009 O u t l i n e • Introduction. • Power system requirements for high wind penetration. • Wind Farm Cluster Management System (WCMS). • Conclusions. Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

3. INTRODUCTION Wind industry targets for the EU in 2007, 2010, 2020 and 2030 • Wind Energy market in the EU 27 2007 • Electricity production of 119 TWh (including 4 TWh off-shore). • Wind Energy market in the EU 27 2010 • Electricity production of 177 TWh (including 13 TWh off-shore). • Wind Energy market in the EU 27 2020 • Electricity production of 119 TWh (including 133 TWh off-shore). • Wind Energy market in the EU 27 2030 • Electricity production of 935 TWh (including 469 TWh off-shore). Source: Pure Power. Wind Energy Scenarios up to 2030 - European Wind Energy Association Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

4. INTRODUCTION The challenge is clearly stated: “Control Wind Power as a Conventional Power Source” • Considering this new scenario, the former paradigm of planning based on a small number of well known large power stations, it is not applicable any more. • The stability of the fundamental electric parameters, frequency and voltage, must to be assured considering also wind power for this task. • Active Power control is required for Frequency regulation as well as Reactive Power control is requiered for Voltage regulation. • Strong planning and early identification of bottlenecks at European level are needed. • Sustainable extension and reinforcement of the grid infrastructure. Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

5. POWER SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGH WIND PENETRATION • Portugal • Grid capacity improvement. • New grid codes to be developed. • Technological adaptation of wind power generators. • Considering the Iberian Market context, wind power and imports will reach off-peak load sooner than 2011. • Implementation of the Wind Farm Cluster Management System is planned. • The spinning reserve (frequency regulation) will be one of the most important challenges for wind power. • Source: REN • Spain • Technological adaptation of wind power generators. • New regulatory developments (Operational Procedures) • A new architecture of control centres solely devoted to monitor and control this integration (CECRE – 2006) • Specific tools able to asses in real time the System security with high penetration of renewable generation. • The progressive displacement of conventional generation. • Guarantee the proper running of protection systems. • Source: REE • Germany • Reinforcement and extension of the current grid structure. • Specification of new transmission and distribution grid codes. • There is a need for the further extended and integrated control and management of wind power. • Wind Farm Cluster Management System would allow grid operators to manage wind power in Germany according to the new scenarios. • Off-shore wind power is expected to play a big role in the coming years. • Phasing-out of nuclear power stations will require bigger volumes of controlled wind power. • Source: Deutsche Energie-Agentur - ISET Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

6. POWER SYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGH WIND PENETRATION • Balancing requirements. • Fluctuations of wind power injections represent one of the main factors of demand for controlling and balancing power. • Using wind power prediction systems. • Active Power control is required for Frequency Regulation. • The fulfilment of power and frequency control schemes implies the provision of primary and secondary power reserve. • Grid codes of several countries are being updated in order to include the participation of wind power into frequency control markets (primary and secondary power reserve). • Reactive Power control in required for Voltage Regulation. • Grid codes have already issued operational range for the voltage and power factor at the point of connection. • Fault ride through requirements. • This issue is on the way to be solved (thanks to a huge effort from the whole sector), i.e. in Spain 81,3% of machines are adecuated for FRTC. Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

7. DB WIND FARM CLUSTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WCMS) Control strategy Control strategy Control strategy Control strategy Forecast engine TSO WCMS Engine DAO Cluster control DB Forecast engine Dispatch WCMS Engine DAO Dispatch Scheduler Driver manager WF Driver WFSim Driver . . . . ISET WF Sim Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

8. Cluster description: • Total Installed capacity: 600 MW • Dispatch Centre A: 370 MW • Dispatch Centre B: 230 MW WF 4 = 60 MW WF 6 = 80 MW WF1 = 50 MW WF 2 = 20 MW WF 3 = 30 MW WF 5 = 60 MW WF 7 = 120 MW WF 8 = 100 MW WF 9 = 80 MW Dispatch centre A Dispatch centre B

9. WIND FARM CLUSTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WCMS) kV

10. Active power control for wind farm clusters WIND FARM CLUSTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (WCMS) Grid losses within cluster must to be compensated.

11. CONCLUSIONS • Large scale integration of wind power makes new tools for grid operation necessary. • Power system requirements for high wind penetration are clearly stated. • The stability of the fundamental electric parameters, frequency and voltage, must to be assured considering also wind power (at large scale) for this task. • The Wind Farm Cluster Management System (WCMS) has been developed at ISET. • Provides TSOs and Dispatch Centres with an extended control of Wind Farm Clusters. • Provides long and short term forecast at TSO and Wind Farm level. • Its capabilities have been demonstrated in a field test in Germany. • In the frame of the “Wind on the Grid” project, WCMS will be tested in Spain and Portugal during 2009. • Provision of balancing services and reactive power can be economically interesting when wind power plants become active partners in secure power system operation. • Markets for these issues need to be developed. Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

12. CONCLUSIONS • E.ON Netz • Vattenfall Europe Transmission • RWE Transportnetz Strom • EnBW Transportnetze • Verbund Österreich • TERNA Italien • Egypt, Zafarana • National Grid • Jilin (Chinese Power Comp.) • Rumania Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

13. “Wind Power Plant Capabilities: Operate Wind Farms Like Conventional Power Plants” EWEC 2009 ? Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino - ISET e.V.

14. T h a n k y o u f o r y o u r a t t e n t i o n. Dipl.-Ing. Alejandro J. Gesino Energy Meteorology and Wind Power Management R&D Division Energy Economy and Grid Operation ISET e.V.