Science Chapter 2D

1. Science Chapter 2D Study Guide

2. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • A communicable disease is an illness that can _____, usually from _____ to _____. • Spread • Person to person • An organism that causes a communicable disease is called a _____. • Pathogen

3. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Bacteria reproduce quickly in _____, _____, and _____ places such as inside the _____ _____. • Warm • Dark • Moist • Human body

4. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Bacteria cause a variety of diseases, such as… • Ear infections • Sinus infections • Pneumonia • Whooping cough • Tuberculosis • Strep throat

5. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Viruses cannot _____ on their own, but they can _____ body cells. • Reproduce • Invade • Diseases caused by viruses include… • Colds • Measles • Mumps • Chicken pox • Flu • pneumonia

6. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • The most common skin infection, _____, is caused by _____. • Athlete’s foot • Fungi • Malaria is caused by _____ and usually carried by _____ • Protist • Mosquitoes

7. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Communicable diseases can spread from person to person through the _____ when a sick person _____ or _____. • Air • Sneezes • Coughs • Communicable diseases can spread when your _____ or _____ come in contact with something used by a sick person. • Hands • Mouth

8. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Communicable diseases can spread when no sick people are nearby. _____ may be in the drinking water. _____ is spread this way. • Pathogens • Cholera

9. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • _____ are animals that carry _____ that cause other communicable diseases. • Carriers • Pathogens • Examples • Mosquitoes may be a carrier of _____ • Malaria or encephalitis • Ticks may be a carrier of _____ • Lyme’s disease • Bats may be a carrier of _____ • rabies

10. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Ways your body defends itself against pathogens. • Your _____ keeps pathogens out. • Skin • If pathogens enter through the nose, they will be trapped by _____. • Mucus • If pathogens enter through the mouth and lungs, they will be _____, _____, or _____. • Coughed • Sneezed • Blown out

11. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • If pathogens are swallowed, _____ juices in the _____ will kill many. • Digestive • Stomach • Pathogens in the eyes will be washed out by _____. • Tears • Your _____ will kill some pathogens if you eat food with pathogens. If not, _____ and digestive juices in your _____ will take care of them. • Saliva • Acid • Stomach

12. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • If none of these defenses keep _____ out of your blood, _____ will surround and _____ them. • Pathogens • White blood cells • Destroy

13. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • Another defense is _____ which is a substance made by _____. • Antibodies • White blood cells • Antibodies can give you _____ or resistance to some diseases. • Immunity • Some white blood cells attack the disease, while others become _____ cells that can _____ to make the correct _____ if the disease enters your body again. • Memory • Remember • Antibodies

14. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • To develop _____ to some communicable diseases is to get a _____ which is a dose of weakened or killed _____. • Immunity • Vaccine • Pathogen • Some diseases that can be prevented this way are… • Chicken pox • Mumps • Measles • Whopping cough

15. Lesson 1 - What are Communicable Diseases? • An _____ is a medicine that kills _____, but it cannot kill _____. • Antibiotic • Bacteria • Viruses

16. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • Noncommunicable diseases are illnesses that _____ be spread. • Cannot • The main causes of noncommunicable diseases are • Heredity • Surroundings • Behavior

17. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • Heredity is when _____ are passed from _____ to _____. • Genes • Parent • Children • Diseases that are caused by heredity are • Sickle-cell anemia • Hemophilia

18. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • A reaction to a certain substance is an _____ • Allergy • _____ is an allergy that involves the _____ system. • Asthma • Respiratory

19. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • Asthma attacks are triggered by _____, _____, and _____. • Smoke • Dust • Pollen • This causes the tubes in the _____ to become _____ and _____ builds up making breathing difficult. • Lungs • Swollen • Mucus

20. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • Another noncommunicable disease of the respiratory system is _____. • Emphysema • The walls of the _____ lose their elasticity and become _____. • Air sacs • Overstretched • The air sacs also _____. • Burst • The main cause of emphysema is _____. • Smoking

21. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • A disease of the heart or blood vessels is _____. • Cardiovascular disease • _____ occurs when fatty substances build up inside the walls of _____. • Atherosclerosis • Arteries • _____ is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. • Cancer

22. Lesson 2 – What are Noncommunicable Diseases • Changes is a persons _____ may keep noncommunicable diseases under _____. • Lifestyle • Control • The best way to control the damage done by noncummunicable disease is _____ • Early diagnosis

23. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • Prevent injuries – realize the importance of _____. • Safety • Don’t take _____. • Unnecessary risks

24. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • When playing a sport… • Follow the rules • When crossing streets… • Obey traffic signs and signals • Avoid falls by… • Wiping up spills

25. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • When riding in a car… • Wear your seat belt • When exercising… • Warm-up and cool-down • When riding a bike… • Obey traffic signs and signals

26. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • A healthy _____ is necessary for a _____ lifestyle. • Diet • Healthy • Your body uses _____ for _____ and _____. • Proteins • Growth • Repair

27. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • No single food has every _____. • Nutrient • Avoid foods at the _____ of the food pyramid. • Top • Too much fatty food might cause _____, _____, or _____. • Cardiovascular disease • Cancer • Obesity

28. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • Too much sugary foods might cause _____, or _____. • Obesity • Tooth decay • Fiber may prevent _____. • Colin cancer

29. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • Tobacco plant contains a drug called _____. • Nicotine • A sticky material in tobacco is _____. • Tar

30. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • _____ is found in beer, wine, and liquor. • Alcohol • It slows down the work of your _____. • Brain • Drug abuse is the _____ use of drugs for reasons other than _____. • Intentional • Health

31. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • _____ can help relieve _____. • Sleep • Stress • During sleep your body processes _____ so more _____ is available to _____ or _____ body cells. • Slow down • Energy • Build • Repair

32. Lesson 3 – What is a Healthy Lifestyle? • Regular, vigorous exercise is helpful to your body by… • Helping you keep a healthy body weight • Keeping arteries clear of fatty substances • Making muscles flexible • Strengthening muscles, especially your _____ • Heart