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Reactions and Equations

Chemical Reactions. Reactions and Equations. Learning Goals. Recognize evidence of chemical change. Represent chemical reactions with equations. Balance chemical equations. Chemical Reactions.

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Reactions and Equations

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  1. Chemical Reactions Reactions and Equations

  2. Learning Goals • Recognizeevidence of chemical change. • Representchemical reactions with equations. • Balancechemical equations.

  3. Chemical Reactions • The process by which one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances is called a chemical reaction.

  4. Chemical Reactions • Evidence that a chemical reaction may have occurred: • Change in temperature • Change in color • Odor • Gas bubbles • Appearance of a solid

  5. Representing Chemical Reactions • Chemists use statements called equations to represent chemical reactions.

  6. Representing Chemical Reactions • Reactantsare the starting substances. • Productsare the substances formed in the reaction. • This table summarizes the symbols used in chemical equations.

  7. Representing Chemical Reactions • In word equations, aluminum(s) + bromine(l) → aluminum bromide(s) reads as “aluminum and bromine react to produce aluminum bromide”.

  8. Representing Chemical Reactions • Skeleton equations use symbols and formulas to represent the reactants and products. Al(s) + Br(l) → AlBr3(s) • Both word and skeleton equations lack information about how many atoms are involved in the reaction.

  9. Representing Chemical Reactions • A chemical equationis a statement that uses chemical formulas to show the identities and relative amounts of the substances involved in a chemical reaction.

  10. Balancing Chemical Equations • This figure shows the balanced equation for the reaction between aluminum and bromine.

  11. Balancing Chemical Equations • A coefficientin a chemical equation is the number written in front of a reactant or product, describing the lowest whole-number ratio of the amounts of all the reactants and products.

  12. Balancing Chemical Equations • The most fundamental law in chemistry is the law of conservation of mass. • Balanced equations show this law.

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