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FM 7-8, Infantry Rifle Platoon & Squad. REFERENCES. ACTION: Conduct an Ambush CONDITION: Given instruction in a field environment at Skytop with rubber ducks, LBE, and slide handouts STANDARD: Demonstrate a basic knowledge of ambush operations by conduction a mock ambush onsite .
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ACTION: Conduct an Ambush
CONDITION: Given instruction in a field environment at Skytop with rubber ducks, LBE, and slide handouts
STANDARD: Demonstrate a basic knowledge of ambush operations by conduction a mock ambush onsite
TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVEAMBUSH
A surprise attack from concealed position on a moving or temporarily halted target.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AMBUSH
- Surprise
- Violence of Action
- Predetermined Kill Zone
- Coordinated Assault
- Planned Withdrawal
Leader’s Recon
Occupation (NLT Time in OPORD)
Execution
Withdrawal
Dissemination of Information
PHASES OF THE AMBUSHKill Zone – a defined area on the ground in which fires will be concentrated to inflict maximum damage to the enemy in the shortest amount of time.
Assault Element – seizes and secures the objective and protects the special teams as they complete their assigned actions on the objective (OBJ).
OPERATIONAL TERMSSecurity Element – the portion of the unit tasked with ensuring that no enemy enters or leaves the kill zone once the ambush is initiated. Also provides early warning to friendly elements.
Support Element – the portion of the unit tasked with providing support by fire for the assault element.
OPERATIONAL TERMSSpecial Teams – sub-elements task organized to perform specific tasks during AOBJ
EPW/Search Team – designated to search enemy bodies for PIR and collect and process enemy prisoners
Demolition Team – designated to destroy enemy equipment not to be taken from the objective
Aid/Litter Team – designated to provide first aid to casualties (both friendly and enemy) and assist the platoon medic in triage, treatment and movement of casualties
OPERATIONAL TERMSObjective Rally Point (ORP) – a halt out of sight, smell, sound and small arms range of the objective from which final preparations are made, reconnaissance of the objective is conducted and information is disseminated.OPERATIONAL TERMS
Release Point (RP) – location between the objective and the ORP from which surveillance of the OBJ can be maintained and at which subordinate elements (Assault, Security, Support) can be released from or to centralized control.OPERATIONAL TERMS
Limit of Advance (LOA) – a phase line used to control the forward progress of the attack. The assault element will not advance beyond the LOA, but may maintain security from that point.
Casualty Collection Point (CCP) – a location on or near the objective to which casualties will be brought for treatment and preparation for evacuation
OPERATIONAL TERMSSurprise attack conducted when the unit makes visual contact with the enemy and has time to set up an ambush without being detected.HASTY AMBUSH
Surprise attack conducted against a specific target at a predetermined location.DELIBERATE AMBUSH
POINT AMBUSH
Unit deploys to attack the enemy in a single kill zone.
AREA AMBUSH
Unit deploys in two or more related POINT AMBUSHES.
TYPES OF AMBUSHES
L-SHAPED
The Assault Element forms the long leg parallel to the enemy’s direction of movement.
The Support Element forms the short leg at one end of and at right angles to the Assault Element.
AMBUSH FORMATIONS
Covering the Entire Kill Zone by Fire
Using Existing or Reinforcing Obstacles
Protecting Assault and Support Elements (with mines, claymores or explosives)
Using Security Elements to Isolate Kill Zone
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONSAssaulting into Kill Zone
Timing of All Elements to Maintain Surprise
Rotation of Squads into a Squad Ambush (for ambushes that must be maintained for a long time)
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONSLeader’s Recon (Phase 1)
Purpose is to PINPOINT the objective
PL, Assault Squad Leaders, Weapon’s Squad Leader, Release Point Personnel, Security Detachment, Forward Observer
Move to RP
Establish Surveillance
Move close enough to OBJ (when possible, move to actual positions) to identify the following:
Kill Zone (Define L/R Limits and LOA)
Support Positions (Key Weapon Locations)
Security Positions
AMBUSH TECHNIQUEOccupation (Phase 2)
Move to RP in Order of Occupation
Emplace Security
Emplace Key Weapons (Support)
Emplace Assault (Assign Sectors of Fire)
Emplace Mines and Obstacles
Aiming Stakes, Camouflage Positions
Wait, Remain Alert, Observe Strict NLM Discipline
AMBUSH TECHNIQUEExecution (Phase 3)
Initiate ON ORDER with the MOST CASUALTY PRODUCING WEAPON
Team Leaders Control Rate and Distribution of Fires
Soldiers Fire to Kill All Enemy in Sector
Leaders Maintain Fires Until ALL Movement and Noise Cease / Call CEASE FIRE
AMBUSH TECHNIQUEExecution (Phase 3) continued
Assault Elements Enter Kill Zone in Pre-Determined Order, On Order
Assault Elements Advance to LOA / Announce “LOA”
PL Deploys Special Teams
AMBUSH TECHNIQUEWithdrawal (Phase 4)
After Special Teams Complete Assigned Tasks
Withdraw in Reverse Order of Occupation
Assault 1 (by Fire Team)
Assault 2 (by Fire Team)
Support
Security
ALL PERSONNEL WITHDRAW THRU THE RELEASE POINT
AMBUSH TECHNIQUE
Conducted with Multiple Point Ambushes
Each Point Ambush Follows the Same Principles and Techniques Previously Described
AREA AMBUSHCommand, Control, and Communication
Designation of Main and Supporting Efforts (Weigh Accordingly)
Terrain
OCOKA
Centralized ORP and Release Point
Centralized Casualty Collection Point
Coordination Between Ambushes
Disengagement Criteria for Supporting Efforts
KEY CONSIDERATIONS
