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Lysteria monocytogenes and Shigella flexerni use actin based motility to spread to other cells. -Cause diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and can lead to menningitis and spontaneous abortions -Causes death in immunocompromised people (children, elderly, AIDS patients)
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Lysteriamonocytogenesand Shigellaflexerni use actin based motility to spread to other cells -Cause diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and can lead to menningitis and spontaneous abortions -Causes death in immunocompromised people (children, elderly, AIDS patients) -Produce a protein that encourages production of actin filaments at the cell surface -Propels bacteria through the cytoplasm (Comet tails) -Rams into the cytoplasmic membrane and pushes through into the next cell -Avoids much of the immune system http://cmgm.stanford.edu/theriot/movies.htm#Hits Movies:
Vibriofischeri and its host, the bobtail squid Close up of single bacterium (Vibrio) Bacteria (Vibrio) glowing on a petri dish Light organs on squid belly use Vibrio to reflect the same wavelength of light as the moon, hiding their shadow from preditors A squid that uses glowing bacteria to avoid being eaten (the glow from the bacteria mimics the moonlight so the squid can’t be seen from below-just looks like moonlight from below)
Vibrioand its host, the Pineapple fish Pineapple fish-lower jaw contains a photophore where Vibrio reside. The bioluminescence attracts zooplankton. -glows orange during the day, blue green by night.
The angler fish uses bioluminescent bacteria to attract prey
Quorum sensing in Vibrio http://subrealism.blogspot.com/2009_04_01_archive.html Bioluminescence is very expensive so the cells only want to bioluminesce when other cells are around. No point if they’re not in the squid light organ.
Myxococcus Myxococcusxanthus cell A Myxococcusswarm
Fruiting bodies Myxococcusfruiting bodies Dictyostellumdiscoideum-slime mold fruiting bodies (amoeba)
Slime mold fruiting bodies Dictyostellumdiscoideum-slime mold fruiting bodies (amoeba)
Sporulation sites on the surfaces of WT colonies. Bacillus fruiting bodies Bacillus fruiting body. A sporulation gene was fused with lacZ and the cells were plated on medium containing x-gal. You can see the where sporulation occurs by the dark blue color Branda S S et al. PNAS 2001;98:11621-11626
Movies http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVGEFGzS7Wo&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1jPzhz1Qyc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkVhLJLG7ug&feature=related