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Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance

Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance. Moderator : Roger Smith Panel : Glen Clement, Alicia Weber, Wes Rimes, Brandon Shell, Brian McKay, John Holliday, and Eric Marks. Research Team 301, Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance.

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Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance

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  1. Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance Moderator: Roger Smith Panel: Glen Clement, Alicia Weber, Wes Rimes, Brandon Shell, Brian McKay, John Holliday, and Eric Marks

  2. Research Team 301, Using Near Miss Reporting to Enhance Safety Performance Patricia Anthony, DTE Energy David Clark,SAIC Constructors, LLC Glen Clement, ConocoPhillips Bryon Creech,CH2M HILL Dennis Cobb,Phillips 66 Bill Drust,Praxair Bob Fitzgerald,Southern Company Jason Fulton,Dresser-Rand Company Larry Green,BP Carroll Higdon,The Robins & Morton Group Jimmie Hinze,University of Florida Steve Holland,GE Energy John Holliday,Georgia-Pacific Corporation Eric Marks,Georgia Tech Brian McKay,Bechtel/Fairweather Anthony Miller,Parsons Wes Rimes,Yates Construction Jeff Ruebesam,Fluor Corporation Brandon Shell,ExxonMobil Sixto Mendez,SKEC USA, Inc. Roger Smith,Zurich Services Corporation Alicia Weber,Jacobs

  3. Dr. Jimmie Hinze

  4. Agenda • Mission Statement/Charter/Objective • Literature Review and Motivation • Research Methodology and Results • Near Miss Reporting Program • Simulated Near Miss • Findings and Conclusions • Questions

  5. RT 301 Mission Statement/Charter Research Team 301 explored: • … “how near miss reporting can enhance safety in construction” … • … “near miss reporting programs of organizations in industries other than construction”… • … “benefits and limitations of implementing and maintaining a near miss reporting program within a construction company and on individual construction sites”… Essential Question: How can near miss reporting programs be implemented to significantly enhance safety performance? Objective: Identify best practices associated with near miss reporting programs including effective methods for collecting and assessing near miss information

  6. Only Marginal Safety Improvements

  7. RT 301: Building on Existing CII Safety Research Near Miss Reporting (RT 301) Design for Safety (RT 101) 1995 Hazard Recognition (RT 293) 2003 Real-time Pro-Active Safety in Construction (RT 269) 2010 Pro-Active Safety Implementing Active Leading Indicators (RT 284) 2012 Targeted Safety Programs (RT 216) 2006 Safety Plus: Making Zero Accidents a Reality (RT 160) 2002 Safety Management Managing Subcontractor Safety (RT 13) 1990 Improved Workers’ Compensation Management (RT 45) 1995 Owner’s Role in Construction Worker Safety (RT 190) 2003 Zero Injury Techniques (RT 32) 1993 Foundation for Safety Organizational Commitment to Safety

  8. Lagging vs. Leading Indicators Fatality Lagging Indicators Lagging Indicators TRIR Injury/Illness TRIR Injury/Illness First Aid First Aid Cost and Severity Cost and Severity Near Miss (including hazardous conditions) Leading Indicators Leading Indicators At Risk Behavior Heinrich’s Safety Pyramid

  9. Research Methodology 9

  10. Near Miss Reporting in Other Industries

  11. Initial Interview Phase • Company Information: Safety record (OSHA TRIR), annual revenue, number of employees) • Project Information: Total cost, percent complete, safety record, cumulative work hours, first aid incidents, number of safety personnel, and supervisors • Near Miss Reporting Program: Initiating party, near miss definition, flow of information, investigation strategy, number of reported near misses

  12. Initial Interview Findings Key finding: Misunderstanding that an increase in reported near misses negatively reflects safety performance Projects 50% or more completeness are included

  13. Stepwise Regression of Dependent Variables Bottom Line: As the number of near misses reported increases; the OSHA TRIR decreases Regression Metrics 95% confidence interval P-value: Less than 0.001 Adjusted R-Square: of 0.89 Standard Error: 17.46

  14. Near Miss Reporting Process

  15. Management commitment • Elements of a near miss program • Specific definition of a near miss • Expectations for reporting • Procedures for reporting • Management action/reaction

  16. What is a Near Miss? • Program Objectives: • Motivate and empower the workforce to be a partner in safety • Recognize and communicate unsafe conditions and close-calls • Take action to reduce risk and prevent adverse outcomes • Near Miss Definition: • An unplanned event or unsafe condition that has the potential for injury or illness to people, or damage to property, or the environment

  17. Demonstrated commitment by leadership • Dedicated resources • Program “champion” • Develop training material • Conduct craft and leadership training

  18. Who reports? • Determine collection method • Verbal (report to supervisor) • Paper (drop box) • Electronic • Near miss observation • Required information • Stop work authority • Mitigate immediate hazards • Language barriers

  19. Evaluate available information • Determine potential consequence • Determine and conduct fit for purpose investigation • Determine contributing factors • Trend data • Determine cause • Timely

  20. Address causes • Develop implementation plan • Improve training • Establish new or enhance existing procedures • Commit to corrective action plan by leadership

  21. Near Miss Reporting Database

  22. Communicate results with workforce • Daily toolbox safety talks • Weekly safety meetings • Printed investigation reports • Post on project website • Provide direct feedback to near miss reporter (if known) • Must be clear and concise • Address language barriers

  23. Leadership engagement • Recognize employees/groups • Celebrate successes • Continually emphasize program goals • Fact finding, not fault finding • Promote active learning • Drive continuous improvement

  24. Near Miss Reporting Information Flowchart

  25. 27

  26. Findings: Barriers and Enablers Barriers • Fear of retaliation • Fear that reporting reflects poorly on performance • Absence of a trusting environment • Lack of training • No follow-up Enablers • Communication • Leadership and motivation • Guidance and resources • Near miss reporting training • Reward strategy “If you see it, you own it” – Interviewed Safety Manager

  27. Findings and Conclusions • A comprehensive safety program is a prerequisite to implement a near miss reporting program (CII RT 284) • How to measure success of the program? Quality not quantity • Increased near miss reporting enables identification of hazards before an injury/illness/fatality occurs • Fear of retaliation among workers is strong: Needs to be overcome • Near miss reporting is an important tool of a comprehensive safety program • Safety leading indicators (i.e. near misses) can break the plateau

  28. Dr. Jimmie Hinze

  29. Thank you for your attention! Discussion/Questions/Comments

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