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Vocabulary-Concept Review

Explore the different types of macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and their important roles in living organisms. Understand the structure, function, and significance of these molecules in biological processes.

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Vocabulary-Concept Review

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  1. Vocabulary-Concept Review Biochemistry Chapter 6

  2. Two units of sugar. Disaccharide

  3. Macromolecule that serves as quick energy and is made of simple sugars. Carbohydrate

  4. Used to test for the presence of Protein. Biuret Soluton

  5. One unit of sugar Monosaccharide

  6. Inorganic molecules come from Living or Nonliving things? Nonliving

  7. Macromolecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur. Protein

  8. Organic molecules come from Living or Nonliving things? Living

  9. Indicator solution that is used to test for presence of starch. Iodine

  10. Made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio Carbohydrate

  11. Characterized as having long hydrocarbon chains. Lipid

  12. “ose” at the end of a word denotes a what? Sugar

  13. “ase” at the end of a word denotes a what? Enzyme

  14. Animals store carbohydrates as what? Glycogen

  15. The exoskeleton of insects is made of a carbohydrate called what? Chitin

  16. Plants store carbohydrates as what? Starch

  17. What is C6H12O6 ? Glucose or Fructose

  18. When glucose and fructose which are monosaccharides are added together, they make a disaccharide called what? Sucrose

  19. Another name for table sugar is? Sucrose

  20. This macromolecule is hydrophobic (water insoluble) in water. Lipid

  21. One monomer of protein. Amino Acids

  22. The building blocks to a lipid. Three Fatty Acids and One Glycerol

  23. The building blocks to a nucleic acid. nucleotide

  24. Three things that make up a nucleotide. A Phosphate Group, A Nitrogenous Base and a Simple Sugar

  25. Nucleic acid responsible for the synthesis of protein. RNA

  26. Fats, oils and waxes are classified as this macromolecule. Lipid

  27. Carbohydrate found in plant cell walls that provide support. Cellulose

  28. Carbohydrate that if eaten by animals cannot be digested. Cellulose

  29. Many units of sugar added together. Polysaccharide

  30. Proteins that act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes

  31. Proteins secreted by the endocrine system that help maintain homeostasis in the body? Hormones

  32. 0 – 6.99 on the pH scale. Acid

  33. 7.1 – 14 on the pH scale. Base

  34. 2.0 on the pH scale is a strong what? Acid

  35. All atoms have these three things in common. Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons

  36. Two or more monomers together make what? Polymer

  37. Solution used to test for the presence of sugar. Benedict Solution

  38. Glucose and fructose are considered what because they have the same chemical formula but different structures. Isomers

  39. Amino acids are held together by what type bonds in proteins. Peptide Bond

  40. Acids release what in water? Hydrogen Ions

  41. Bases release what in water? Hyrdoxide Ions

  42. Large organic molecules. Macromolecule

  43. All organic molecules possess what? Carbon in a covalent bond with hydrogen

  44. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): Organic or Inorganic? Inorganic

  45. The brown paper bag test for the presence of what macromolecule? Lipid

  46. Sudan III and Sudan IV test for the presence of what macromolecule? Lipid

  47. One amino acid is called what? Peptide

  48. Two amino acids are called what? Dipeptide

  49. Three or more amino acids are called what? Polypeptide

  50. Sugar found in DNA? Deoxyribose

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