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Ions + Ionic Bonding

Dive into the world of ions and ionic bonding in this comprehensive guide. Learn about valence electrons, octet rule, oxidation numbers, and electrostatic attractions. Quiz yourself on key concepts and practice writing ionic formulas. Explore how elements bond and mimic noble gases. Discover polyatomic ions and their names. Enhance your knowledge of ionic compounds and their properties.

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Ions + Ionic Bonding

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  1. Ions + Ionic Bonding Chapter 15

  2. Bonds in Proportion

  3. Valence electrons • Valence e-the number of e-in the highest energy level How do you determine valence e-?

  4. Quiz yourself • How many valence e- for • Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs • Al • Si • P • S • Cl

  5. Octet Rule • Atoms want a complete (full) outer energy level • For most that means 8 electrons • Exceptions to the rule? • H, He, Li, Be, B – they want 2 • Elements will mimic the electron configuration of a noble gas

  6. Ions • An ion is an atom with a charge • Cation is a positive ion (loses e-) • Anion is a negative ion (gains electrons) The common charge of an atom is called its OXIDATION Number

  7. Oxidation Numbers • What is the oxidation number of Na? • +1 • What is the oxidation number of F • -1 • What is the oxidation number for Mg • +2 • What is the oxidation number for Te • -2

  8. Electrostatic Attraction • A reactiveelement gains or loses e- in the presence of another element that will do the opposite • (OPPOSITES ATTRACT)

  9. Ionic Bonds How and why does sodium bond with chlorine? 1e- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEUXVQ95Rvk&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

  10. Click for Fe + S Click for Na + Cl video

  11. More than just diatomics Can you figure these out? Mg + F Mg2+ + F- MgF2 Al + Cl Al+3 + Cl- AlCl3

  12. Swap and Drop • Write the oxidation number • Swap the positive and negative ox # and make it the subscript of the other element Ex: Mg2+ + Cl-1→ MgCl2

  13. Try these K + O K2O Al + O Al2O3 Mg + N Mg3N2

  14. Polyatomic Ions You should know these names of polyatomic ions NO3- nitrate OH- hydroxide ClO3- chlorate SO42- sulfate PO43- phosphate

  15. Try These Mg2+ + NO3- Mg(NO3)2 K+ + OH- KOH Ca2+ + PO43- Ca3(PO4)2

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