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Exploring the Science of Hearing: Understanding Sound and Perception

This introduction to psychology focuses on the properties of sound and the complexities of hearing. Through interactive listening exercises, students will explore how sound influences our experiences and what life lacks without it. We will delve into the physical and perceptual definitions of sound, examining key concepts like amplitude, frequency, and auditory localization. Students will participate in group activities that highlight how we interpret sound and its implications, laying the groundwork for a deeper understanding of the senses in psychological contexts.

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Exploring the Science of Hearing: Understanding Sound and Perception

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  1. Psychology 1100Introduction to PsychologyChristopher Gade, PhDOffice: Bertrand 27Office hours: MW 1:30-3:30 and by apt Email: christopher.gade@dominican.edu Class MW 9:25-10:40 Angelico 226

  2. The Other Senses: Hearing The properties of sound and the basics of the ear.

  3. Listening Exercise • Put your books, pens, pencils, phones, and all other items down. • Close your eyes. • Listen! • What is it that you’re hearing?

  4. Life Without Hearing • What are some of the things that we would miss out on if we couldn’t hear? • What are some of the things that we would miss out on if we couldn’t see? • Which would you rather lose, hearing or vision? Why?

  5. Is Hearing Physical or Perceptual? • Physical Definition of Sound: A change in pressure of the air or other physical medium. • Perceptual Definition of Sound: An experience of “sound waves” by the ear or other perceptual medium. • Sound Properties • Sound Wave: A sudden change in MOLECULE pressure • Boat Example

  6. More Properties of Sound • Amplitude: The concentration of the air pressure. Determines the “loudness” of the sound. • Decibel = 20log(p/po) (po= pressure medium for air, it = 20)

  7. More Properties of Sound • Frequency: The rate of sound wave occurrences. Determines the “pitch” of the sound. • Sound frequency is measured by Hertz (Hz). 1 Hz =1 cycle per second.

  8. The Equal Loudness Curve and Audibility Curve What’s the loudness button on your stereo doing?

  9. The Ear, Our Sound Wave Detector

  10. The Benefits of the Pinna Listening Task • Form a circle • Each of you will participate in this at least once. • Participating individuals need to… • Stand in the center of the group and close their eyes • Locate an object based on its orientation (front, back right, left), distance (close, far), and properties (high, low) • Covering one ear • Covering your ears • Cupping your ears

  11. Auditory Localization

  12. How it works… • Level/clarity differences • Spectral cues • Hoffman’s pinnae mold experiment • Surround sound implications

  13. Another Cue… • Visual Capture – our vision’s tendency to dominate our mind’s interpretation of sound location.

  14. The Inner Ear

  15. A Closer Look at the Cochlear Duct

  16. Moving on… • In our next section, we’ll examine the topic of touch… come to class awake and clean… this will make better sense when we get going.

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