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Understanding Mitosis and Meiosis: Key Processes in Reproduction and Cell Division

This resource explores the essential processes of cell division, focusing on mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the method by which a cell replicates itself, resulting in two identical daughter cells. It includes seven distinct stages: Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis. Meiosis, on the other hand, is crucial for sexual reproduction, producing gametes with half the chromosomes of the parent (haploid). This guide provides an overview of each process, relevant stages, and comparisons of asexual and sexual reproduction.

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Understanding Mitosis and Meiosis: Key Processes in Reproduction and Cell Division

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  1. reproduction Reproduction Sex Education. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded to The Cell Blog Tumblr Account. Available online at: http://www.funnyjunk.com/funny_pictures/4394464/sex+education - Biology - Approximately February 3rd to March 5th

  2. reproduction Reproduction We will be discussing: Cell Division. (2011). Uploaded to GifSoup by jhelgason. Available online at: htthttps://gifsoup.com/view/2788087/cell-division.html Long Face.(2010). Uploaded by Sardonic Salad. Available online at: http://www.toonpool.com/cartoons/long%20face_105569 Nosal’s leaky GM defense. (2010). Uploaded by Charles Rue. Available online at: http://www.eurekastreet.com.au/article.aspx?aeid=8150#.Uu7GVE24vIV

  3. brainstorm Brainstorm K w L

  4. Mitosis Mitosis What is Mitosis? • How a cell makes an exact copy of itself Cell Division. (2011). Uploaded to GifSoup by jhelgason. Available online at: htthttps://gifsoup.com/view/2788087/cell-division.html

  5. Mitosis Mitosis What is Mitosis? • The life cycle of any cell is to: • Grow • Copyits genetic material • Splitinto two identical cells Cell Division. (2011). Uploaded to GifSoup by jhelgason. Available online at: htthttps://gifsoup.com/view/2788087/cell-division.html

  6. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Prophase • DNA is duplicated • Centriolesare placed at either side of the cell • Microtubes that help move genetic materials Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  7. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Prometaphase • Centriolesprepare to receive DNA Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  8. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Metaphase • DNA condenses into chromosomes • Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  9. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Anaphase • Separationbegins • Half of the chromosomes merge to one side while half merge to the other Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  10. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Telephase • Cell Membrane closes in around each set of DNA Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  11. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Cytokinesis • There are now two cells, each with the same DNA Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  12. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Interphase • A cell’s normal state • The cell ensures it has all of the nutrients and energy it needs Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  13. Mitosis Mitosis Mitosis Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6hn3sA0ip0

  14. Mitosis Mitosis In Cell Division Song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlV9hExXZnM

  15. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Worksheet Visually summarize the 7 Stages of Mitosis. In each box, include the Stage Name & a Coloured Picture.

  16. Mitosis Mitosis SEVEN Stages of Mitosis Worksheet - DUE TODAY! - Visually summarize the 7 Stages of Mitosis. In each box, include the Stage Name & a Coloured Picture.

  17. asexual Asexual What Is It? Mitosis is an example of asexual reproduction because there is onlyone “parent” Asexual Reproduction. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by S.Harris. Available online at: www.sciencecartoonsplus.com/galnathi.htm

  18. asexual Asexual In your table groups, create a informational poster summarizing a method of asexual reproduction. Your group should create a poster that includes: • Title - Clear Definition • Example - Picture • Advantage - Disadvantage **Bonus if you can find a 2-4min appropriate YouTube video as well

  19. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS What is Meiosis? • How sex cells are formed for sexual reproduction Useful Genetics Part 2. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded to Coursera. Available online at: https://www.coursera.org/course/usefulgenetics2

  20. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS What is Meiosis? • Sex cells, called gametes, only function during sexual reproduction • Female Gametes • Eggs • Male Gametes • Sperm Sperm Stock Photo. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded to Shutterstock by Jezper. Available online at: http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-82973164/stock-photo-sperm.html?src=LVCYnq1luypH4zYRRW7Fxw-1-0

  21. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS • Meiosis allows gametes to have half as many chromosomes as the parent • Mitosisreplicates DNA so all cells (parent & offspring) have 46 chromosomes • This is called a Diploidnumber • Meiosisprovides half the DNA so the offspring (daughter cell) has only 23 chromosomes • This is called a Haploidnumber

  22. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Interphase • DNA is duplicated Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  23. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Prophase 1 • Duplicated DNA can cross-over • The reason for more genetic diversity • Centriolesare placed at either side of the cell Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  24. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Mitosis Metaphase 1 • DNA condenses into chromosomes • Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  25. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Anaphase 1 • Separationbegins • 1/2 of the chromosomes merge to one side while 1/2 merge to the other • Due to cross-over, each side can be different Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  26. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Telophase 1 • Cell Membrane closes in around each set of DNA • Each side has 46 chromosomes Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  27. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Prophase 2 • No DNA duplication • Centriolesare placed at either side of the cell Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  28. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Mitosis Metaphase 2 • Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  29. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Anaphase 2 • Separationbegins • 1/2 of the chromosomes merge to one side while 1/2 merge to the other • Due to cross-over, each side can be different Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  30. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS NINE Stages of Meiosis Telophase 2 • Cell Membrane closes in around each set of DNA • Each side has 23 chromosomes Mitosis Phases. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by William Vann. Available online at: http://www.edupic.net/cells.htm

  31. MEIOSIS MEIOSIS Meiosis Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DLGfd-Wpr4#t=99

  32. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction What Is It? • Sexual reproduction requires two partners • One to provide a female gamete • One to provide a male gamete Male/Female. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by Jetta K. Affairs.. Available online at: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/valentines-day-speed-date-and-mixer-tickets-9959389803

  33. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction We Will Discuss • Male Anatomy & it’s function • Female Anatomy & it’s function • Conception to Birth Male/Female. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded by Jetta K. Affairs.. Available online at: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/valentines-day-speed-date-and-mixer-tickets-9959389803

  34. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male Anatomy - TESTICLES • Where sperm are formed through meiosis • Youngestsperm are found along the exteriorwall • Oldersperm are found in the interior The Male Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: hhttp://learnhumananatomy.com/male-genitalia/

  35. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male Anatomy - TESTICLES • Where testosterone is formed • Exteriorof the testicles (what we see) is called the scrotum The Male Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: hhttp://learnhumananatomy.com/male-genitalia/

  36. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male Anatomy - EPIDIDYMIS • Found along the top portion of the testicle • Area where sperm matures • It takes about 72 to 74 days for a sperm to mature The Male Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: hhttp://learnhumananatomy.com/male-genitalia/

  37. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male Anatomy – PROSTATE & SEMINAL VESICLE • Sperm are nourished by fluids from the prostate & seminal vesicle • These fluids are the majority of the volume of what is expelled during ejaculation The Male Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: hhttp://learnhumananatomy.com/male-genitalia/

  38. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male Anatomy – VAS DEFERENS & URETHRA • Passageway that transports mature sperm& fluids into the urethra • Both urine and semen (sperm & fluids) are expelled through the urethra (not at the same time!) The Male Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: hhttp://learnhumananatomy.com/male-genitalia/

  39. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Female Anatomy – EGGS & OVARY • A female is born with her life supply of eggs (approx. 2 million) - Reduced to 300,000 by puberty - All eggs are produced in the ovary The Female Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/293/flashcards/489293/png /picture_111305828645390.png

  40. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Female Anatomy – EGGS & OVARY • Eggs remain in the ovary except for once a month when the body prepares one egg for fertilization The Female Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/293/flashcards/489293/png /picture_111305828645390.png

  41. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Female Anatomy – FALLOPIAN TUBES • Responsible for transporting an egg from the ovary to the uterus • In order to be fertilized, an egg MUST meet a sperm while it is in the fallopian tube - An egg only lives for 1 day The Female Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/293/flashcards/489293/png /picture_111305828645390.png

  42. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Female Anatomy - UTERUS • Fertilized eggs continue through the fallopian tube and implant in the uterus - Called zygotes • The uterine lining (around the exterior walls of the uterus) nourish a new zygote as it starts to divide The Female Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/293/flashcards/489293/png /picture_111305828645390.png

  43. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Female Anatomy - UTERUS • If unfertilized, the egg and the uterine lining are shed during the monthly menstrual cycle • This cycle is repeated every 28-32 daysunless medically prevented The Female Genital Organ. (2014). Uploaded to Learn Human Anatomy by Healthwise, Inc. Available online at: http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/293/flashcards/489293/png /picture_111305828645390.png

  44. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction How Gonads Go – A Crash Course Sex, Gametes, Females & Males http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_7rsH2loIY8

  45. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Male & Female Anatomy Labeling Challenge (See SMART Lesson File)

  46. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Pregnancy (See SMART Lesson File)

  47. Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Pregnancy (Conception to Birth) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWSMaeDLF0E

  48. Mendel & Genetics Mendel & Genetics Important Vocab. Genes • Made of DNA • Responsible for a specific characteristic • “Your Code” • Can have two forms Genetics Cartoon – the wonders of science. (Accessed 2014). Uploaded ny Chris Madden. Available online at:http://www.chrismadden.co.uk/cartoon-gallery/genetics-cartoon-big-hand-gene/

  49. Mendel & Genetics Mendel & Genetics Important Vocab. Allele • A term used to describe what form the gene takes on • Can be dominant or recessive

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