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The Human Body

The Human Body. Interactions of Human Systems. Organization in Organisms. Organism. Organ System. Organ. Tissue. Cell. Vocabulary. Cell : smallest functional unit in an organism Tissue : Groups of similar cells that do the same job

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The Human Body

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  1. The Human Body Interactions of Human Systems

  2. Organization in Organisms Organism Organ System Organ Tissue Cell

  3. Vocabulary • Cell: smallest functional unit in an organism • Tissue: Groups of similar cells that do the same job • Organ: Structure made up of different types of tissues that work together • Organ System: A group of organs that work together to do a certain job

  4. Needs of the body • Inorganic substances • Minerals – involved in chemical reactions • Examples: calcium, potassium, sodium • Water – involved in nearly every bodily function

  5. Needs of the body • Organic Compounds – compounds containing carbon • Carbohydrates – Main source of energy for living things • Starches, pasta, potatoes, rice, sugars • Nucleic Acids – large, complex; store information in the form of code • DNA, RNA • Proteins – make up structural parts of the body, such as hair, nails, skin, muscles, and blood vessels • Lipids – stored in the body as energy reserves • fat and oils

  6. Systems • Integumentary • Skin • Protects the body • Prevents water loss

  7. Systems • Muscular • Muscles • Movement of the body • Attached to bones

  8. Systems • Skeletal • Bones • Support • Protection of soft body parts

  9. Systems • Nervous • Brain, spinal cord, nerves • Controls mental and bodily functions

  10. Systems • Endocrine • Pancreas, pituitary gland • Controls homeostasis • Releases hormones

  11. Systems • Circulatory • Heart, blood vessels • Transport of materials to and from body cells • Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes

  12. Systems • Lymphatic • Spleen, thymus, tonsils • Remove dead cells and foreign bodies from body fluids

  13. Systems • Respiratory • Lungs, trachea • Exchange of gases between blood and the environment

  14. System • Digestive • Stomach, small intestine • Breaks down food for absorption into the blood

  15. Systems • Urinary • Kidneys, bladder • Control of water balance • Chemical balance of the blood

  16. Homeostasis • Process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment • The body senses changes in the environment and responds by changing its bodily functions • Example: body temperature, blood sugar, increasing heart rate and breathing when exercising

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