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Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure

Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure. by S.F. Stiemer Department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia CANADA. Canada. Facts:

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Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure

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  1. Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure by S.F. Stiemer Department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia CANADA Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  2. Canada • Facts: • became a country on July 1st, 1867 - second-largest country in the world - stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean- largest cities: Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver - resources: forests, plants, animals and fish, minerals, metal, natural gas, and oil - hockey is the national sport of Canada- population 32 million- two official languages - average population density 3 persons/km2 (Japan 343) Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  3. Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Nunavut Ontario Prince Edward Island Québec Saskatchewan Yukon Provinces of Canada Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  4. National Policies and Methods • Canadian Highway Bridge Design code, CAN/CSA-S6-00, (CHBDC),the standard for bridge construction, is the governing code for the design of bridges in Canada. • Bridges in Canada are the responsibility of each Province(see previous page for list) • National Research Council (NRC) developed Best Practices Lions’ Gate Bridge, Vancouver, BC Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  5. InfraGuide • InfraGuide was created in 2001 by Infrastructure Canada, the Federation of Canadian Municipalities and the National Research Council and the Canadian Public Works Association. • Individual Provinces issued various dialects of the InfraGuide. • Recognizes growing infrastructure deficit in Canada. • Promotes Best Management Practices (BMP). • The goal of these (BMP) is to help make better decisions concerning maintenance, repair and upgrading of infrastructure. Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  6. Infrastructure Categories • Bridges • Metal Culverts • Pipelines • Railroads • Transmission Towers Jacques Cartier Bridge, 1920, QC, Major Repair / Rehabilitation Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  7. Nova Scotia Rating System • Bridges to be inspected every two to five years, with visual inspections taking place annually. Nova Scotia Bridge Inspection Rating System Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  8. Bridge Management System (BMS) • requirements for its BMS • Describe the current “health” • Project the “health” over time (function of funding) • Identify the funding required to upgrade. • Identify the current costs to road users of deficiencies in load capacity and clearances. • Determine the optimal mix of maintenance and improvements. • Identify the least cost set of maintenance actions, the costs of deferred maintenance, and the savings of preventive maintenance. • Provide priority lists. • Produce specific bridge programs for single or multi-year planning horizons. • Provide a means to analyze alternative funding scenarios, cost assumptions, and “what if” questions. Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  9. Ontario Structure Rehabilitation Manual (OSRM) • OSRM provides a systematic method for • recording inventory and inspection data, • assessing maintenance needs, • determining optimal use of budgets, • improving planning and scheduling of bridge improvements. Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  10. Ontario Structures Inspection Manual (OSIM) • Bridges in Ontario undergo two types of inspections: • detailed visual inspections are performed every 2 years. • less intensive inspection, a maintenance inspection, is performed twice a year. Element Inspection Screen Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  11. Ontario Structures Inspection Manual (OSIM) • OSIM was first released in 1985 • qualitative inspection procedure • individual components of a bridge • rated on a scale of 1 to 6 • condition states are • Excellent • Good • Fair • Poor OSIM Elements to be inspected Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  12. British Columbia Bridge Inspections • Large projects are handled by the Region Highways • Small maintenance projects usually the responsibility of the MoT Maintenance Contractors. • “Do-nothing” projects are those that are not cost effective to perform. • Bridge Management Information System (BMIS) is used • Bridge Condition Ratings: • Excellent • Good • Fair • Poor Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  13. Maintenance Options • Paint / Coating Systems: • inhibitive primers, • sacrificial primers, and • barrier coats. • Touch-up painting • Overcoating • Recoating • Hot-dip galvanizing • Cold galvanizing • Thermal spray coatings • Weathering steel Coat / Coatings , Royal Canadian Mounted Police Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  14. Bridges - 1 Victoria Bridge, Grand Trunk Railway, across the St. Lawrence River to the Island of Montreal, 2011 m long, built in 1853 Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  15. Bridges - 2 Railway Bridge Crossing Lachine Canal in Montreal Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  16. Bridges - 3 Wooden Trestle Bridge at Stoney Creek Steel Bridge at Stoney Creek Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  17. Bridges - 4 Skytrain Bridge, New Westminster, BC, 1988 Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  18. Quebec Bridge, Quebec City, 1907 Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  19. Bridge Challenges Fatigue Problems in Bridges • prominent in old riveted steel railway bridges • occurs due to age and constantly changing freight loads • most of the weight concentrated at the locomotive • modern trailing weights may easily exceed that of locomotives • increase in trailing weight results in more cycles of loading than designed for Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  20. Corrosion Damage • Corrosion of Steel Girder Ends Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  21. Repair Works • after truck accident: • applying an external jacking force while heat straightening Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  22. Replacement of Elements • Lion's Gate Bridge, Vancouver, 1938,deck replacement , 1999 Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  23. Bridge Widening • Port Mann Bridge, Vancouver, 1964,adding fifth lane, 2001 Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  24. Refurbishing • Takhini Bridge, Whitehorse, YT, 1968, steel pony truss bridge with a RC deck • 1991: it was strengthened by adding extra thicknesses of steel to the trusses • 1997: major deck patching • replacement of the deteriorated bridge deck, increased load capacity and increased the seismic resistance of the bridge Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  25. Conclusion and Summary • few provinces really excel in the area of rehabilitation and maintenance of bridge infrastructure from a management standpoint • Ontario: Bridge Management System • Nova Scotia: good inspection and maintenance program • common practice for steel infrastructure: application of coatings • future of infrastructure maintenance and rehabilitation promising • Canada being fully committed to fixing all ageing resources • individual provinces will increasingly be able to improve their inventory and pursue more preventive maintenance procedures (average spending about $150 Mill./year/province) • The support of the Ministry of Transportation of the Province of British Columbia for the presented work is gratefully acknowledged. Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

  26. No Sailing …? Structural Steel Maintenance and Rehabilitation Methods of Current Canadian Infrastructure - S.F. Stiemer

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