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The Parts of The Cell

The Parts of The Cell. Define the Following. Ribosomes Amino Acid Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondrion ATP Chloroplasts Photosynthesis Chlorophyll Golgi Complex Vesicle Lysosomes Vacuoles. Cell Wall Cellulose Chitin Cell Membrane Lipids Phospholipids Hydrophobic Cytoskeleton

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The Parts of The Cell

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  1. The Parts of The Cell

  2. Define the Following • Ribosomes • Amino Acid • Endoplasmic Reticulum • Mitochondrion • ATP • Chloroplasts • Photosynthesis • Chlorophyll • Golgi Complex • Vesicle • Lysosomes • Vacuoles • Cell Wall • Cellulose • Chitin • Cell Membrane • Lipids • Phospholipids • Hydrophobic • Cytoskeleton • Nucleus • Nucleolus

  3. Cell Wall • A rigid structure that gives support to a cell • The outermost structure of a plant cell • Cellulose-a complex sugar that animals cannot digest • The cell wall allows plants to stand upright www.astrographics.com/.../GP2164.html

  4. Cell Membrane • The protective barrier that encloses an animal cell • Contains proteins, lipids, and phospholipids • Lipids-fat and cholesterol (do not dissolve in water, hydrophobic) • Phospholipids-contains phosphorous (“water loving, hydrophilic) sun.menloschool.org/.../cells/c/cell_membrane

  5. Cytoskeleton • A web of proteins in the cytoplasm • Prevents the cell’s membrane from collapsing • Made of three proteins www.immediart.com/catalog/product_info.php?cP...

  6. Nucleus • A large organelle in eukaryotic cells • Contains the cells’ DNA • Information on how to make the cell’s proteins • Copied from DNA • Double membrane and pores • Nucleolus-where a cell begins to make ribosomes www.uic.edu/.../bios100/lecturesf04am/lect06.htm

  7. Ribosomes • Organelles that make proteins • Composed of RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) and protein • Smallest organelle • Some move freely, others are attracted to membranes of the cytoskeleton • Proteins are made of amino acids • Proteins are needed to cell survival library.thinkquest.org

  8. Endoplasmic Reticulum • ER-a system of folded membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made • Part of the internal delivery system • Smooth ER • Rough ER www.nsf.gov/news/overviews/biology/interact07.jsp

  9. Mitochondria • Main power source of the cell • Organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy • Covered by two membranes • Energy is stored in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) • Have own DNA and can divide within a cell micro.magnet.fsu.edu/.../mitochondria.html

  10. Golgi Complex • The organelle that packages and distributes proteins • Resembles smooth ER • Lipids and proteins from the ER are distributed to the Golgi Complex www.microscopy.fsu.edu/.../golgiapparatus.html

  11. Vesicle • The small sac that surrounds material to be moved into or out of a cell • Can carry proteins from the ER to the Golgi complex • Can distribute products from the Golgi complex to other parts of the cell www.cs.utexas.edu/.../src/tutorial/vesicle.html

  12. Lysosomes • Responsible for digestion • Contain digestive enzymes • Destroy worn-out or damaged organelles • Get rid of waste materials • Protect the cell from invaders www.rkm.com.au/CELL/organelles/lysosome.html

  13. Chloroplast • Organelles in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place • Consists of two membranes and their own DNA • Contain chlorophyll which is the green pigment • Why is this a chemical reaction? sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/chloroplast_diagram.htm

  14. Vacuoles • A large vesicle • Can act as large vesicles in plant cells • Store digestive enzymes • Aid in digestion • Can store water in plant cells • Can help support the plant www.molecularexpressions.com/.../vacuole.html

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