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            Evaporates

Density. Volume. Precipitate. 1.025. 1. 0.0030 gm Fe 2 O 3. 1.05 - 1.1265. 0.53 - 0.190. 0.1172 gm CaCO 3. 1.1265 - 1.2570. 0.19 - 0.63. 1.17g gm gypsum. 1.12138 - 1.3069. 0.95 - 0.016. 27.1 gm NaCl.             Evaporates. Evaporate minerals are precipitated from a brine.

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            Evaporates

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  1. Density Volume Precipitate 1.025 1 0.0030 gm Fe2O3 1.05 - 1.1265 0.53 - 0.190 0.1172 gm CaCO3 1.1265 - 1.2570 0.19 - 0.63 1.17g gm gypsum 1.12138 - 1.3069 0.95 - 0.016 27.1 gm NaCl             Evaporates • Evaporate minerals are precipitated from a brine. • The brine may be evaporated sea water or reconstructed in subsurface. • Most common evaporate minerals are: • halite (NaCl) • anhydrite (CaSO4) • gypsum (CaSO4*2H2O) • sylvite (KCl) • Some Common Evaporite Minerals of Sediments • Consider the progressive evaporation of 1 litre of sea water.

  2. In general: • gypsum begins to precipitate when the volume is reduced to 30% • halite after reduced to 10% • and Mg and K salts after 5% • Na salts include NaBr • 1000 m of sea water completely evaporated yields 0.75 m of gypsum and 1.37 m of salt.

  3. Depositional models for Evaporate formation • Standing water bodies • Evaporite faces patterns (a) in enclosed basins and (b) in restricted marginal-marine basins; (c) distribution of carbonate and sulphate in a modern Australian salina. (According to Warren and Kindall, 1985, fig 4.)

  4. Sabhka • vadose and phreatic zones of intertidal flats and desert plays an important role • Schematic block diagram of facies relationships in the sabkha environment, souther Persian Gulf (after Matthews (1989, p 322) • Gypsum vs Anhydrite • gypsum is stable at surface temperatures and pressures • Halokenesis and formation of salt domes and other diapirs • form due to buoyancy contrasts between over and underlying sediments

  5. CARLSBAD, N.M., December 17, 2001 – For the third time in 2001,Westinghouse TRU Solutions LLC (WTS) has been recognized for safety excellence bythe New Mexico State Mine Inspector.

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