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Video Production

Video Production. Chapter 1. Three Types of Production. Studio Field Production Remote Production. Studio Controlled Environment Air Conditioned TV Lights Noise Controlled In a Television Oriented Space Protected. Field and Remote Uncontrollable Environment Weather Elements

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Video Production

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  1. Video Production Chapter 1

  2. Three Types of Production • Studio • Field Production • Remote Production

  3. Studio Controlled Environment Air Conditioned TV Lights Noise Controlled In a Television Oriented Space Protected Field and Remote Uncontrollable Environment Weather Elements Daylight Traffic Noise Not TV Friendly Unprotected Differences of the Production Types

  4. Studio Production • Types of Productions • News • Game shows • Talk shows • Morning shows • Situation comedies • Soap operas • More than 75% of things you watch • CSI • Desperate Housewives • Bing Bang Theory • The Bachelor

  5. Physical Studio Elements • Large Room • Concrete Floor • 12 to 14 foot Ceilings • Located on Ground Floor • Large Doors • Sound Proofing Walls and Material

  6. Technical Studio Elements • Lots of Power - Electric • Monitors • Headsets • Intercom System • Talkback System or Studio Address • IFB (interruptible feedback) • Earpieces

  7. The Control Room • The Operation Center for the Director • Usually a window between studio and Control Room • Technical Equipment

  8. Equipment in Control Room • Camera Monitors • Switcher • Audio Console • Graphics Generator • Server or Recorder • Dimmer Board • Prompter

  9. Studio Layout

  10. Field Production • Usually involves a camcorder • The “real world” is the set. • Natural Lighting by the sun.

  11. Remote Production • Combination of Studio and Field Production • May require more cameras than studio production • Large Venue • Audio difficult • Usually uses a “TV Truck”

  12. The Production Path • Transducing - Converting what we hear or see into electrical energy, or vice versa. • Channeling - Moving video and sound from one place to another • Selecting/Altering - Selecting a signal and altering a signal. • Monitoring - allows you to hear and see material you are working with at various stages. • Recording and Playback

  13. Transducing • Speaking into a Microphone • Turns sound into electrical waveforms • Diaphragm in the microphone • Speaker does opposite • Light into a Camera • Turns light waves into electrical waveforms • Camera Sensor • Monitor does opposite

  14. Channeling • Cables • Transfer the electrical energy • Connector • Common way for the electrical energy to enter and exit equipment

  15. Selecting and Altering Signals that are transduced by microphones or cameras and channeled with wires and connectors usually go to an audio console or video switcher where they can be selected and altering can take place.

  16. Monitoring • Preview Monitors - Set up Shots before it goes to broadcast • Program Monitor - Displays what is currently being broadcast. • VU Meter - How loud audio is. • Waveform Monitor - How bright different parts of the camera image are

  17. Two Forms of Signal • Analog • Digital

  18. Analog • NTSC • Aka. Standard Definition (SD) • Aspect Ratio - The relationship of the height of the screen to its width. • 720 x 480 • Square like • 525 lines of resolution • Can Travel over Airwaves • Need an antennae

  19. Digital • High Definition (HD) • Sharper Image • Aspect Ratio(s) • 1280 x 720 (HD 720) • 1920 x 1080 (HD 1080) • Need a Channel to Distribute the Signal • Wire

  20. Early Television • After WWII it quickly grew in popularity and replaced radio as the main information and entertainment medium. • ABC, CBS, NBC - dominated early TV. • During the 1950’s live drama, variety and quiz game shows were popular. • In the 1980’s an 1990’s Cable and Satelite stole viewers from the traditional TV Networks.

  21. Recent TV History • The current audience is fragmenting into smaller segments. • The broadcast TV industry consists of program suppliers, distributors and local stations. • Big conglomerates own the major TV networks. • Public broadcasting relies less on tax revenues and more on private sources of funding. • The Neilson company compiles both network and local station television ratings.

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