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Rapid Trauma Intervention Strategies for Effective Trauma Management

This training class, led by Dr. Mark Lessard, aims to educate participants on trauma's effects and effective interventions to minimize long-term consequences. It covers topics such as traumatic stress responses, acute and posttraumatic stress disorders, and interventions like SAFE-R, debriefing, and demobilization. Understanding personal and environmental factors in trauma is crucial for first responders and survivors alike. Participants will learn practical techniques for managing trauma in various crisis situations, including natural disasters and operational deaths.

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Rapid Trauma Intervention Strategies for Effective Trauma Management

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  1. Rapid Trauma Intervention By Mark Lessard, PhD 850-452-8674

  2. Introduction • The goal of this class is to familiarize people with the effects of trauma and interventions to minimize its long-term consequences.

  3. Traumatic Stress • Exposure to a crisis • Turning Point • Sudden • Unexpected • Dangerous • Immediacy • Unusual

  4. Crises/personal • Rape • Assault • Auto Accident • Burglary

  5. Crises/group • Natural Disasters • Plane Crashes • Terrorism • Operational Deaths

  6. Victims • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary

  7. Crises/Professional • Firefighters • Police • Paramedics • Physicians • Witnesses

  8. Stress Response • Environmental Stimulus • Cognitive Interpretation • Affective Integration • Psychobiological Response

  9. Effects of Stress/Cognitive • Confusion • Poor Concentration • Impaired ability to make decisions • Memory

  10. Effects/Physical • Diaphoresis • Dizziness • Increased Heart Rate • Elevated Blood Pressure • Headaches • Gastrointestinal Upset

  11. Effects /Emotional • Shock/Numbing • Anger • Grief/Sadness • Helplessness

  12. Effects/Behavioral • CHANGE • Appetite • Sleep • Hygiene • Social

  13. Acute Stress Disorder • Exposure to Trauma • Dissociation • Re-experiencing • Avoidance • Hyperarousal • Two days-- four weeks

  14. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder • Exposure • Re-experiencing • Avoidance • Hyperarousal • Greater than one month

  15. Personal Factors: Neurologic Predisposition Background Internal Locus of Control Traumatic Factors: Duration Intensity Who Will Be Most Affected?

  16. Intervention/Prevention • Education/ Stress Management • Trauma Immunization • Standard Processing With Peers

  17. Intervention/On Scene/SAFE-R • Stimulation Reduction • Acknowledgment of Crisis • Facilitation of Understanding • Encourage Effective Coping • Restoration of Independent Functioning

  18. Intervention/Debriefing • Introduction • Fact • Thought • Reactions • Symptom • Teaching • Re-entry

  19. Intervention/Defusing • Abbreviated version of the debriefing • Introduction • Exploration • Information

  20. Intervention/Demobilization • For Massive, ongoing, operations • Information regarding effects of stress and referral possibilities • Hot-line

  21. Mechanism of Action • “Trauma Membrane” • Structuring the event • Group Support • Stress Education

  22. Cerritos Total Killed 82 Survivors 0 Homes 16 Civilians 15 Res Pers 300 Body Parts 10000 San Diego Total Killed 125 Survivors 0 Homes 16 Civilians 15 Res Pers 300 Body parts 10000 A Case Example

  23. Cerritos 12 Debriefings Many Demobilizations Hot-line Follow-up San Diego Sporadic on-scene intervention A Case Example

  24. Cerritos One Loss Increase in MH 01% San Diego Loss of Police 5 Loss of Fire 7 Loss of Paras 17 Increase in MH 31% A Case Example

  25. SPRINT • Special Psychiatric Rapid Intervention Team • Official Sites: San Diego, Portsmouth, Bethesda, Oakland • West Coast 619-532-8551 • East Coast 757-953-5281 • BUMED CODE-311

  26. What to do • Acknowledge the Problem • Assess Magnitude, personal, group • Assess Local Assets/ Chaplains etc... • Sell to command • QUICKLY, organize CISD with local assets or Activate Sprint • Follow-up

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