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This study examines the interplay of military leadership and religious expansion during the Crusades, highlighting key figures such as Godefroy de Bouillon, Saladin, Louis IX, and Frederick II. The rise of trade networks, urbanization, and the deepening of social inequality are discussed as crucial factors in this era. Saladin’s military victories, especially his recapture of Jerusalem in 1187, and his respected leadership underline the complex relationship between faith, warfare, and the fates of civilizations. The Crusades emerged not merely from religious fervor but also from the ambitions of those seeking power.
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History Extra Credit Lee Pashos
Common Themes and Trends • Rise and fall of civilizations (military leaders) • Spread of major religions (missionaries) • Conflict between major religions (military leaders) • Development of trade networks (merchants) • Urbanization (peasants) • Deepening of Social Inequality (peasants or women)
Military leaders involved in religious wars • Godefroy de Bouillon – founder of Kingdom of Jerusalem • Saladin – recaptured the holy lands from the Christians • Louis IX – organized the 8th and final crusade • Al-Kamil – fought against the Christians in the 5th crusade • Frederick II - Leader of 6th crusade
Saladin • Saladin was usually victorious in battle • Captures almost every crusader city • Recaptures Jerusalem in 1187 • Christians are unsuccessful after Saladin’s conquests • Offered generous terms of surrender wherever he conquered • Well respected among European leaders
Relating to Topic The crusades were fought only because of religion. If it wasn’t for the Christian’s establishment of kingdoms in Muslim territory, Saladin would have never had to retake areas. Saladin was just a part of a larger trend in the postclassical period.