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The Sonnet

The Sonnet. Sonnet . The word comes from the Italian word, sonnetto … meaning little song A sonnet is a specific type of poem Sonnets are lyrical poems that consist of 14 lines of equal length They have a regular meter, rhythm and rhyme . Francesco Petrarch .

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The Sonnet

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  1. The Sonnet

  2. Sonnet • The word comes from the Italian word, sonnetto … meaning little song • A sonnet is a specific type of poem • Sonnets are lyrical poems that consist of 14 lines of equal length • They have a regular meter, rhythm and rhyme

  3. Francesco Petrarch • Francesco Petrarch was a 14th century Italian • He was in love with a woman named Laura • He wrote over 400 poems in her honor! • Each poem followed the same format…and that format is now known as a Petrarchan Sonnet

  4. English Sonnets • Petrarch may have invented the sonnet, but William Shakespeare and Edmund Spenser are said to have perfected it! • All three men follow the same basic rules: • 14 lines • Regular Rhyme Scheme • Use of Iambic Pentameter • That being said, each poet’s rhyme scheme has its own distinct pattern

  5. Rhyme Scheme • A rhyme scheme is a pattern that exists within the sound of the poem’s words • Sonnets use end rhyme (the pattern can be found by looking at the last syllable of each line) • Every time you have a new sound you use a letter to represent the sound; if you hear the same sound you repeat the letter

  6. For Example … • Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? • Thou art more lovely and more temperate. • Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, • And summer's lease hath all too short a date. • Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, • And often is his gold complexion dimmed; • And every fair from fair sometime declines, • By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed; • But thy eternal summer shall not fade, • Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, • Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, • When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st. • So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, • So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

  7. Shakespearean Rhyme Scheme Shakespeare’s sonnets always follow: ] QUATRAIN (4 lines that rhyme) A B A B C D C D E F E F G G ] QUATRAIN (4 lines that rhyme) ] QUATRAIN (4 lines that rhyme) ]COUPLET (2 lines that rhyme)

  8. Iambic Pentameter • The term “iambic” has to do with the emphasis placed on certain syllables • Certain words have syllables that are stressed while other syllables are unstressed • Consider this … do we say: • EM-pha-SIS or em-PHA-sis • SYL-la-BLE or syl-LA-ble • See what I mean?!?

  9. Iambic Pentameter … • An “iambic” line always follows this pattern: • ta DUM ta DUM ta DUM ta DUM ta DUM • (Its often compared the the rhythm of a heartbeat) • Iambic= unstressed/stressed • Say this to yourself (exaggerate the sound a little to help yourself see the difference) • Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? VS Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

  10. Iambic Pentameter … • Meter measures the number of STRESSED syllables • PENTA means 5, so pentameter has 5 stressed syllables • Every line in a sonnet has 10 syllables, but only 5 are stressed (2-4-6-8-10) • Remember?? • taDUMtaDUMtaDUMtaDUMtaDUM

  11. All Together NOW … • Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? • Thou art more lovely and more temperate. • Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, • And summer's lease hath all too short a date. • Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, • And often is his gold complexion dimmed; • And every fair from fair sometime declines, • By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed; • But thy eternal summer shall not fade, • Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, • Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, • When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st. • So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, • So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

  12. Let’s Look at Another … • My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; • Coral is far more red than her lips' red; • If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; • If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. • I have seen roses damasked, red and white, • But no such roses see I in her cheeks; • And in some perfumes is there more delight • Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. • I love to hear her speak, yet well I know • That music hath a far more pleasing sound; • I grant I never saw a goddess go; • My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. • And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare • As any she belied with false compare

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