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Civilization in Mesopotamia

Civilization in Mesopotamia. Pages 89-95. Civilization. A society with cities, architecture, social classes, religion, writing, inventions, government, surplus of food, and division of labor. Technology. The skills and knowledge to make products or meet goals

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Civilization in Mesopotamia

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  1. Civilization in Mesopotamia Pages 89-95

  2. Civilization • A society with cities, architecture, social classes, religion, writing, inventions, government, surplus of food, and division of labor

  3. Technology • The skills and knowledge to make products or meet goals • Examples: irrigation, wheel, sailboats

  4. Ziggurat • A mud brick temple • A shrine for the city’s god • Was the center for activity

  5. Government • An organized system that groups use to make laws and decisions

  6. City-state • Includes a city and the farmland around it • Each had its own leader, but fought for water and farmland

  7. Monarchy • A government in which one person has complete authority or right to rule • It was believed that the rulers were selected by god.

  8. Authority • Right to rule

  9. Surplus • An extra supply • Led to a division of labor

  10. Merchants • People who buy and sell goods for a living

  11. Social class • Groups with different levels of importance

  12. Scribe • People who wrote things for others

  13. Members of the upper class • People with wealth and honor • Kings • Priests

  14. Members of the middle class • Skilled workers • Merchants • Scribes • Doctors • Carpenters • Potters • Managers • Bricklayers • craft workers

  15. Members of the lower class • Unskilled workers • Slaves by war or by debt

  16. Q1: Changes early settlers made in their environment • Ditches • Dikes, walls • Canals • Why? To control water – bring water to farms, prevent flooding, save water for later use

  17. Q2: Innovations that helped move things • Wheeled cart • Copper wheel • Sailboats

  18. Q3 What did Mesopotamians believe? • If they pleased their gods, they would get a large harvest • They thought floods and other natural disasters were signs that the gods were angry with them

  19. Q4: Government of Mesopotamia • A monarchy

  20. Q5: Effect of a surplus of food • Led to a division of labor • Could trade for what they needed

  21. Q6 Leadership roles for women • Religious leaders • Trained as scribes • Own businesses

  22. Q7: Innovations • Iku – acre – to measure land • Quart – to measure wheat & barley • Cuneiform – Sumerian writing • Sailboat – to move supplies upriver • Wheeled cart – to move supplies over ground • Minute and hour – to measure time

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