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MODERN SOCIAL THEORY

MODERN SOCIAL THEORY. PEARLIN - STRESS PROCESS. STRESSORS. MEDIATORS. OUTCOME. DIFFERENCES WITH SRRS. STRESSORS. STRESS PROCESS. 1. MUST LOOK AT CONTEXT AND MEANING. DIMENSIONS OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS. DESIRED VS. NOT DESIRED UNEXPECTED VS. EXPECTED

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MODERN SOCIAL THEORY

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  1. MODERN SOCIAL THEORY

  2. PEARLIN - STRESS PROCESS STRESSORS MEDIATORS OUTCOME

  3. DIFFERENCES WITH SRRS

  4. STRESSORS

  5. STRESS PROCESS • 1. MUST LOOK AT CONTEXT AND MEANING

  6. DIMENSIONS OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS • DESIRED VS. NOT DESIRED • UNEXPECTED VS. EXPECTED • POSITIVE VS. NEGATIVE PREEXISTING CONTEXT OF EVENT • NEGATIVE POST-EVENT CONTEXT • SECONDARY STRESSORS

  7. STRESS PROCESS (CONT.) • 2. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT EMBEDDED IN SOCIAL POSITIONS – GENDER, SOCIAL CLASS, ETHNIC • 3. EVENTS NOT ISOLATED BUT INTERCONNECTED - STESS PROLIFERATION - PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STRESSORS • 4. EMPHASIZES SOCIAL ROLES - OVERLOAD,CONFLICT,CAPTIVITY

  8. NEW CATEGORIES OF STRESSORS (WHEATON) • 1. CHRONIC STRESSORS • 2. LIFETIME TRAUMAS • 3. DAILY HASSLES • 4. DISASTERS

  9. DISASTERS • 9/11 – 30% MDD or PTSD over next month • Almost all had some symptoms • Transient – few had disorder after 6 months • Cambodian refugees – 50% had MDD after 20 years • Social cause of chronic disorder

  10. MEDIATORS

  11. MEDIATORS • WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH MANY STRESSORS HAVE LOW DISTRESS • WHY SOME PEOPLE WITH FEW STRESSORS HAVE HIGH DISTRESS

  12. MEDIATORS (TURNER) • SOCIAL RESOURCES • 1. SUPPORT - BEING CARED FOR, BELONGING, WANTED • ONE INTIMATE • STRONG FAMILY TIES, RELIGION • 2. MATERIAL SUPPORT

  13. SOCIAL COMPARISON • STRESSFULNESS DEPENDS ON REFERENCE GROUP • INCOME • PARAPLEGICS • DOWNWARD COMPARISONS BETTER THAN UPWARD COMPARISONS

  14. CONTROL • ACTIVE COPING BETTER THAN PASSIVE COPING (MASTERY VS. FATALISM)

  15. OUTCOMES

  16. OUTCOMES • STANDARDIZED SCALES LIKE CES-D • CONTINUOUS – FROM MILD TO SEVERE • INDICATOR OF DISTRESS • GENERAL NOT DIAGNOSTIC

  17. TREATMENT

  18. TREATMENT • ONLY THEORY WITH NODIRECT TREATMENT ASPECT • CHANGE ENVIRONMENT • MUCH DISTRESS TRANSIENT (9-11) • IMPORTANCE OF INFORMAL SUPPORT

  19. CRITICISMS OF SOCIAL • IGNORES HOW MENTAL SYMPTOMS ARE DEEPLY ROOTED IN INDIVIDUALS NOT SITUATIONS • NOT GOOD FOR EXPLAINING MOST SERIOUS TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS • UNSPECIFIC TREATMENT COMPONENT

  20. STRENGTHS • BETTER AT EXPLAINING DISTRESS THAN PARTICULAR MENTAL ILLNESSES • BETTER AT LOOKING AT GROUP, RATHER THAN AT INDIVIDUAL, DIFFERENCES • EMPHASIS ON EXTERNAL AND CURRENTCAUSES OF DISTRESS

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