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TCP/IP Applications

TCP/IP Applications. Domain Name System Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call). TCP/IP Applications (continue).

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TCP/IP Applications

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  1. TCP/IP Applications • Domain Name System • Telnet: Remote Login (RFC 854) • TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol • FTP: File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959) • File Access using NFS (Network File Systems) and RPC (Remote Procedure Call) Lin TCP/IP Apps

  2. TCP/IP Applications (continue) • SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (RFC 821) • SNMP: Simple Network Management Protocol (RFC 1157) • HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol • Gopher: Text-based web browser Lin TCP/IP Apps

  3. TCP/IP Applications (continue) • Archie: Automatic title search application program (archives) • Veronica: Automatic title search application program • WAIS: Wide Area Information Service (content search) Lin TCP/IP Apps

  4. Domain Names • Human-friendly reference names associated with IP address • For TCP/IP based network system • Standardized in hierarchical fashion • An example: www.purdue.edu edu - Top level domain name purdue - main or network specific domain name www - Web server Lin TCP/IP Apps

  5. Domain Name System (DNS) • A Name Server using Client-Server model • Tree Structure (Root, Leaves): • Organization (Generic) domain • Country domain • Reverse Lin TCP/IP Apps

  6. Domain Name System (continue) • DNS Identifies each host on the Internet • Similar to the Telephone Number System (country code, area code, number) • Unique Domain Name  Unique IP address Lin TCP/IP Apps

  7. Organization (Generic) Domain • Divide registered hosts according to their generic behavior • Rightmost label of host name • First-level label for matching • Each domain name corresponds to a particular IP address Lin TCP/IP Apps

  8. Organization Domain (continue) • Seven possible 3-character labels describing organization type: com Commercial Organization edu Educational Institution gov Government Institution int International Organization mil Military Groups net Network Support Center org Organization other than those listed above Lin TCP/IP Apps

  9. Country Domain • Two-character country code • For example: United States: us Taiwan: tw Japan: jp Lin TCP/IP Apps

  10. X.500 Country Code ftp://ftp.ripe.net/iso3166-countrycodes A Partial List Of Country Code: Updated by the RIPE Network Coordination Centre. Source: ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency Latest change: Thu Aug 7 17:59:51 MET DST 1997 Country A 2 A 3 Number ------------------------------------------------------ AFGHANISTAN AF AFG 004 ALBANIA AL ALB 008 ALGERIA DZ DZA 012 Lin TCP/IP Apps

  11. Domain Names RFC Document • Located at http://ds.internic.net/rfc • RFC 1034, 1035, 1101, 1706, 1876 Lin TCP/IP Apps

  12. Domain Name Registration • The InterNIC Directory and Database Services of AT&T • Registration Info: • http://www.internic.net Lin TCP/IP Apps

  13. Reverse Domain • Reverse domain function • IP address  Domain Name Lin TCP/IP Apps

  14. TELNET • A network terminal protocol for remote login session • Provide access to a computer connected to the network • Available on Microsoft Windows and UNIX • A user invokes the telnet command to login to the remote host • RFC 854 Lin TCP/IP Apps

  15. TELNET (continue) • A Telnet session: $telnet hostname $telnet d1.d2.d3.d4 …IP_address $exit … terminate telnet session Lin TCP/IP Apps

  16. HTTP • HTTP File Retrieving (Client-Server) Application on the WWW • Use TCP/IP to support communications between Web servers and Web clients • Messages: • Request (client  Server) • Response (server  client) Lin TCP/IP Apps

  17. HTTP (continue) • HTTP communications: • Establish a connection between the client and server • A request from the client is transmitted to the server • A response from the server is transmitted to the client • Close or terminate the connection Lin TCP/IP Apps

  18. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) • For transfer files between two hosts across network • RFC 959 • FTP messages are encapsulated in TCP • Provides two virtual connections: • Data transfer or exchange (port 20, TCP) • Control (commands, replies, process updates; port 21, TCP) Lin TCP/IP Apps

  19. FTP (continue) • Authentication methods: • Unrestricted anonymous access • username/password verifications • FTP session: $ftp … Invoke FTP $ftp hostname … Invoke FTP for connection $ftp IP_Address … Invoke FTP for connection ftp> help Lin TCP/IP Apps

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