BPix CO 2 Cooling

1. BPix CO2 Cooling João Noite PH-CMX-DS

2. BPix Layer #4 Mockup João Noite PH-CMX-DS

3. BPix Layer #4 Mockup Modification and Single-Phase ΔP at 15°C Operation TT16 TT14 TT15 TT13 TT00 TT12 TT11 TT10 BPix Evaporator L = 4.52m ID = 1.62mm CCU1 L = 2.18m ID = 1.82mm V.A V.A + + - - Inlet Outlet MF00 PT00 PT50 Outlet Line L = 1.7m ID = 2.63mm Inlet Capillary L = 1.86m ID = 0.73mm CCU2 L = 0.7m ID = 1.82mm DC-DC Evaporator L = 2.18m ID = 1.82mm • TT13 added for detector’s inlet HTC measurement. • Single phase ΔP tests for test setup validation. • Comparison shows very good agreement between measured and calculated. • Test setup fully validated. PT10 João Noite PH-CMX-DS

4. +15°C | NSB = 160W | 1.5g/s João Noite PH-CMX-DS

5. -20°C | IHL = 193W | 1.5g/s João Noite PH-CMX-DS

6. Data Acquisition – Nominal Flow João Noite PH-CMX-DS

7. Data Acquisition – Dryout Flow João Noite PH-CMX-DS

8. HTC Comparison -20°C vs +15°C João Noite PH-CMX-DS

9. Layer #4 | Flow Distribution 15°C vs -20°C This exercise needs to be done for the remaining pixel layers B. Verlaat, J. Noite, “Design Considerations of Long Length Evaporative CO2 Cooling Lines”, 10th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants, Delft, The Netherlands, 2012. João Noite PH-CMX-DS

10. Inlet Capillary Sizing • First theoretical approximation of inlet capillary sizing for all the BPix cooling loops. • Optional 5 to 15bar total pressure drop in the circuit under nominal flow conditions. • Capillary ID and Length can be selected according to the available space at PP0. • Experimental results on Layer #4 indicate that there’s a flow variation of 20% with 6bar pressure drop across the loop. • Extra pressure drop margin needs to be kept for flow balance at the manifold’s level. • Due to manufacturing tolerances, capillary sizing must be tuned using experimental data. João Noite PH-CMX-DS