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Understanding Simple Machines: Functions, Types, and Importance in Daily Life

Simple machines are essential devices that help make work easier by altering the size or direction of a force. Common examples include levers, pulleys, and inclined planes. Each type of machine has unique characteristics that make it suitable for specific tasks, such as lifting, cutting, or moving objects. Understanding how these machines function and their role in our daily activities can enhance our appreciation for engineering and mechanics. Explore the six basic types of simple machines and discover how they impact our world.

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Understanding Simple Machines: Functions, Types, and Importance in Daily Life

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  1. Simple Machines

  2. What do machines do? Why do we need machines?

  3. Common Simple Machines…

  4. First, rank the following words from 0-5 (0= you have never heard of this word & 5= you know the word VERY well). Second, explain what the following terms mean in your own words: a. Machine g. Pulley b. Simple machines h. Wheel & Axle c. Work i. Inclined Plane d. Force j. Wedge e. Work input/Work output k. Screw f. Lever l. Compound Machine

  5. Machine YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A machine is a device that makes work easier by changing the size or direction of a force. Examples: wheelchair, scissors, chopsticks

  6. Work YOURS: TEXTBOOK: Work is the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force. Work is done on an object if two things happen: 1) the object moves as a force is applied, 2) the direction of the object’s motion is the same as the direction of the force. Examples: pushing a ball up a hill

  7. Work or Not Work? OR OR YES NO YES NO

  8. Force YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A push or a pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force has size and direction. Examples: people, bulldozer, static electricity

  9. Work Input/Work Output YOURS: TEXTBOOK: Work input is the work done on the machine. Work out put is the work done by the machine. Examples: opening a paint can

  10. Simple Machines YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A machine or simple device without moving parts. Examples: lever, pulley, wheel & axle, inclined plane, wedge, screw

  11. Compound Machine YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A machine made up of more than one simple machine. Examples: manual can opener

  12. The Six Simple Machines

  13. The Six Simple Machines

  14. The Six Simple Machines

  15. The Six Simple Machines

  16. The Six Simple Machines

  17. The Six Simple Machines

  18. The Six Simple Machines

  19. Lever YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A lever is a simple machine that has a bar that pivots at a fixed point, called a fulcrum. Examples: first-class lever (see saw), second-class lever (wheelbarrow or soda bottle opener), third-class lever (lifting weights or hammering a nail)

  20. The Six Simple Machines

  21. Three Classes of Levers

  22. Pulley YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A simple machine that has a grooved wheel that holds a rope or a cable. Examples: fixed, moveable, block and tackle

  23. The Six Simple Machines

  24. Types of Pulleys:

  25. Wheel & Axle YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes. Examples: car’s wheel & axle, faucet

  26. The Six Simple Machines

  27. The Six Simple Machines

  28. Wedge YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes that move; often used for cutting. Examples: knife, axe, door stop

  29. The Six Simple Machines

  30. Screw YOURS: TEXTBOOK: A simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. Examples: screw, light bulb

  31. The Six Simple Machines

  32. The Six Simple Machines

  33. Activities • Museum of Science & Industry • Lemelson Center’s Invention at Play

  34. 1. What would be easier, a steep inclined plane or a shallow inclined plane?

  35. 2. What would be easier, a wide wedge or a skinny wedge?

  36. 3. What would be easier, a long, skinny screw or a short, fat screw?

  37. 4. What would be easier, the fulcrum in the middle or the fulcrum to one side of the lever?

  38. 5. What would be easier, a short axle or a long axle?

  39. 6. What would be easier, a wide rope or a skinny rope?

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