1. EnZyMeS

2. What do Enzymes Do for You?

3. What Are Enzymes? • Most enzymesare Proteins • Act as Catalyst to accelerate a reaction • Not permanentlychanged in the process Enzyme Video

4. Enzymes • Are specific for what they willcatalyze • AreReusable • End in –ase -Sucrase -Lactase -Maltase

5. Examples of enzymes • lactase – breaks down lactose (milk sugars) • sucrase – digests complex sugars and starches • maltase – digests disaccharides to monosaccharides (malt sugars) • protease – breaks down proteins found in meats, nuts, eggs, and cheese • lipase – breaks down fats found in most dairy products, nuts, oils, and meat • cellulase – breaks down cellulose, plant fiber; not found in humans

6. How do enzymes work? Increase reaction rate, decrease activation energy Enzyme Coupon

9. Enzymes at WORK • An enzyme and a substrate are in the same area. • The enzyme grabs on to the substrate at the active site. Enzymes are very specific. The active site is a specially shaped area of the enzyme that fits around the substrate • Catalysis happens - substrate is changed • It could be broken down or combined with another molecule to make something new. • The enzyme lets go. • it returns to normal, ready to work on another substrate • The first molecule is no longer the same. It is now called the product.

10. Enzyme-Substrate Complex Enzyme The substance (reactant) an enzyme acts on is the substrate Substrate Joins

11. Enzyme Active Site • Arestricted regionof an enzyme molecule which bindsto the substrate. Active Site Substrate

12. Active Site substrate Enzyme induced fit Induced Fit • A change in the shapeof an enzyme’s active site • Induced by the substrate.

13. Lock and Key Model • Substrate and Active Site fit together like a lock and key. • Only certain keys unlock certain locks.

15. What Affects Enzyme Activity? 1. Extreme Temperatureare the most dangerous -high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2.pH(most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral)

16. Noncompetitive inhibitor Inhibitors do not enter theactive site, butbind to another part of the enzymecausing the enzymetochange its shape, which in turn alters the active site. Noncompetitive Inhibitor Enzyme active site altered Enzyme Inhibitors Substrate

18. Enzyme Songs • Praise the Enzymes • Enzyme Animation

19. Enzyme Demonstrations • Enzyme Rate of Reaction • Enzymes and Inhibitors • Enzymes and Temperature