URBANISATION

1. URBANISATION The example of LONDON

2. 1 Location What is the location of London city ? Scotland England Ireland Wales London on a worldwide scale : London is the capital of England in Western Europe. London has considerable influence worldwide. Alongside New York city, Paris, and Tokyo, London is often listed among the four major global cities. on a national and local scale : London is located in the south of England. The estimated population, as of 1 January 2005, was 7,421,228 in Greater London.London is a port on the Thames.The Thames’ floodplain presented no obstacle to growth. There are some hills in London, examples being Parliament Hill.

3. 2 History In a few lines explain what London was in different periods of history : * at the roman period Who first wanted to invade Britain ? The name London comes from the Latin name Londinium, as London was founded by the Romans during their reign over the island. This fortified settlement was the capital of the roman province of Britannia.

4. In one of the London’s street At this period London was well known for its culture : A very famous band After the fall of the Roman Empire, Londinium was abandoned and a Saxon town named Lundenwic was established.

5. * In the early part of the 20th century (and what are the consequences for urbanisation ? ) In the early part of the 20th century, Londoners used coal for heating their homes, which produced large amounts of smoke. In combination with climatic conditions this often caused a characteristic smog, and London became known for its typical “London Fog“, also known as "Pea Soupers". The Clean Air Act 1956 was introduced following the five-day "pea souper" of 5 December to 9 December 1952, which killed over 4,000 people, mandating the creating of "smokeless zones" where the use of "smokeless" fuels was required.

6. During World War Two (and what are the consequences for urbanisation?) Probably the most significant changes to London in the last 100 years were as a result of the Blitz and other bombing by the German Luftwaffe that took place during WorldWar II. The Isle of dogs (docks and fabrics) London under German bombings in summer 1940 The bombing killed over 30,000 Londoners and flattened large tracts of housing and other buildings across London. The rebuilding during the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s was characterised by a wide range of architechtural styles and has resulted in a lack of unity in architecture that has become part of London's character.

7. 3 Administrative organisation of London What is Inner London ? Outer London ? Greater London ? Greater London is the top level administrative subdivision covering London, England. It is one of the nine regions of England. The administrative area of Greater London covers the large conurbation which comprises the City of London, the City of Westminster and 31 other London boroughs, and encompasses what is commonly known simply as London, capital of England and the United Kingdom. “Outer London” is the name for the parts of Greater London that are not in Inner London. Initially these were those areas which were not part of the old County of London but which have only been considered part of London since 1965, plus North Woolwich

8. On this football grid point out the London football clubs. What are they named after ? They are named after the village they come from.

9. Where are : the political centre, the touristy centre, the economic centre, the popular quarter ? Popular centre economic centre Touristy centre Political centre

10. WESTMINSTER AND WHITEHALL