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The French Revolution

Explore the dynamics of French society, financial crises, Louis XVI's decisions, Estates-General, popular uprisings, key events like the Bastille storming, Declaration of Rights, Reign of Terror, and Napoleon's rise. Unravel the revolution's impact on France and Europe.

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The French Revolution

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  1. The French Revolution

  2. Communities in France • Lower, middle, and upper classes • Clergy • Artisans • Bourgeoisies

  3. Plight of the Poor • Starvation • Taxation • Job Shortage

  4. Intelligentsia • Growing Criticisms • American Revolution • Salons • Ideas are more important than background • Education on the rise

  5. Financial Problems • Supporting 13 colonies • Poor harvests • Increasing food costs

  6. Louis XVI Responds • Verge of Bankruptcy 1788 • Louis wants to increase royal revenue • Opposition from Elites • Calls Estate-General • What was Louis thinking?

  7. Estate-General • First Estate – Clergy • Second Estate – Nobility • Third Estate – Commons

  8. Who were the “middle class? Clergy - 2% Aristocracy - 4% Commoners - 94%

  9. French Public Opinion • Did not expect Revolution • Wanted some reforms • Constitutional Monarchy • What Is the Third Estate? French wanted to be more like Canada with Constitutional Monarchy

  10. The Third Estate Takes a Stance • First two states often worked against Third • Third Estate decides to meet • Tennis Court

  11. Defiance Unleashed “…and the sun will no longer shine.” Isaiah 14:23 • June 20, 1789 – Tennis Court Oath • Declare NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF FRANCE • June 23, 1789 – Stand off • “The Nation is assembled Here…”

  12. Storming of the Bastille • Symbol of government authority • Seized in July 1789 • Far less prisoners than anticipated • Supplies of arms and ammunitions

  13. Protest in the Country • Continued disturbances in Summer 1789 • Unhappy peasants • Want Feudal system changed • Changes eventually made, but too little and too late

  14. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen • August 26, 1789 • Document reflecting Enlightenment ideals • Creed of the Revolution

  15. Seige on Versaille • The “October Days” • Bread shortage • Take the monarch hostage • National Assembly takes charge • Nobles emigrating out of France Siege of Versailles carried out by angry women. To Quote Shakespeare: “Hell hath no fury like a women’s scorned”

  16. Second Phase of Revolution • August 1792 – June 1793 • Insurrection against the Commune • Monarchy abolished • Louise XVI arrested and executed • Power struggle in Commune

  17. Reign of Terror • June 1793-1795 • Robespierre • Committee of Public Safety • New Calendar • Goddess of Reason

  18. Military Control • Royalists attempt counter-revolution • Corruption and problems continuing in government • People turn to military • 1799 • New leader in military emerges • Napoleon Bonaparte

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