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The French Revolution

The French Revolution. !!Vivre la Re’volution !!. ??What you should know??. 1.) What contributed to the start of the French Revolution? 2.) Which group of people made up the majority of the French population?.

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The French Revolution

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  1. The French Revolution !!Vivre la Re’volution!!

  2. ??What you should know?? • 1.) What contributed to the start of the French Revolution? • 2.) Which group of people made up the majority of the French population? • 3.) What document came out of the revolution? It resembles what document from another revolution?

  3. Feudalism at its worst. Last of the great absolute monarchies Facts About France 1789 **Louis 16th

  4. Issues with Louis XIV • Expanded the decadence of the monarchy. • !!Lived it up!!…. • While the peasants suffered. • Palace of Versailles….Re-DONK-U-lous • Sets a bad precedent….

  5. King LOUIS XVI • Absolute Monarch. • Lived a life of decadence. • Married to Marie. • What help does he give to the French people….?

  6. Marie Antoinette • Father was Holy Roman Emperor. • Ruler of Austria • Betrothed to Louis in 1770. • Had very crooked teeth. • Outshine others at Versailles. • Think Paris Hilton

  7. FEUDALISM ~King relied on his Knights and Nobles to help keep control of his Kingdom. ~Serfs were what we could consider as peasants or treated as slaves tied to the land they worked. Knights

  8. Estate System (OLD REGIME) Clergy of Roman Catholic Church (2%) Nobility (1%) Rest of Population (97%)

  9. Estate Voting King • Each Estate would equal one vote. • Two “upper class” estates would out-vote lower class.

  10. Voting by “Orders” • Each Estate’s vote is weighed equally. 5 May , 1789

  11. Rising new class called the Bourgeoisie“Boo-z-wa-zee” Doctors, Lawyers, Bankers. Artisans Steel smiths Blacksmiths Gunsmiths NEW CLASS TAKES CHARGE 3 rd ESTATE

  12. “The Third Estate Awakens”

  13. The French Absolute Monarchy:1775 - 1793 Marie Antoinette & Louis XVI

  14. The Palace of Versailles A sign of decadence, while the French people starved.

  15. Financial Issues- rising rent/prices/taxes/ NO BREAD Bourgeoisie wanted political power. Third Estate wanted “natural rights”. Growing Problems

  16. The Tennis Court Oath “We will never separate, until we have established a Constitution.” THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY IS BORN

  17. Revolution Begins • The people of France (3rd Estate) raided the Bastille Prison- 14, July 1789

  18. The Bastille

  19. Louis has no clue…? • As King Louis XVI returns from a hunting trip. • A squire comes to give the news of popular violence to the King. • “Is it a revolt?” • Louis XVI • “No Sire, it is a REVOLUTION.”

  20. “Declaration of Rights of Man” Guaranteed many rights and political powers Freedom of speech, press, religion *(Taxes based on ability to pay) Right to take part in government. “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” Beginning of Reforms

  21. “Justice under reasonable laws.”

  22. Constitution - 1791 • Waves of women helped take issues to the king • Separation of Powers-King reluctantly agreed to Constitution • King secretly plotted to overthrow new government Olympe de Gouges-- “Woman is Born Free.”

  23. End of the Monarchy • French govt. would completely remove the king….

  24. Louis tries to flee France • Marie and the King seek to abdicate to Montemedy (northeastern France). • Dress as servants and are taken by carriage. • Spotted by a keeper at a small Inn near Varennes. • Returned to Paris and incarcerated.

  25. Execution of Louis XVI • Louis XVIwas accused of plotting against the security of the nation and sentenced to death. • “Conspiracy against the public liberty and the general safety.” • Vote of 361 to 288 for an Immediate sentence. 21, January 1793

  26. The Guillotine The National Razor

  27. Extreme Makeover ---- Guillotine edition • Louis Before…. Louis After…. 21, January 1793

  28. The new government was elected under universal manhood suffrage. Every adult male could vote The National Convention

  29. Radicals-wanted drastic changes (republic). Conservatives-wanted little changes (constitutional monarchy). Moderates- depended on issue Attitudes of the Revolution

  30. MaximilienRobespierre Committee of Public Safety

  31. Maximilien Robespierre • Brilliant Lawyer and Jacobin. • Middle-Class Lawyers or intellectuals • Demanded Equality. • Represented the 3rd Estate. • Sought to end the MONARCHY. • Led the Committee of Public Safety

  32. 1793 Reign of Terror 1794 • Time period in the revolution where many people were executed. 40,000 + killed • Most “enemies” (conservatives and moderates) of the Revolution were killed.

  33. The Directory • 2 – House legislature elected by men who owned property. • Universal Manhood Suffrage. • All adult men can vote! • Very weak, but ruled like Dictatorship. • Church is now controlled by….the STATE!!

  34. 1789-1799Ten years later • Many of those loyal to the Monarchy and Church are elected and win seats in Legislature • They want to re-install a monarchy for France • Who will this upset???? • The politicians turn to NAPOLEON to lead France out of this period.

  35. ??What you should know?? • 1.) What contributed to the start of the French Revolution? • 2.) Which group of people made up the majority of the French population? • 3.) What document came out of the revolution? It resembles A Declaration from another revolution? • Hand this in at the end of class.

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