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AS2 Introductory Key Terms & Concepts. In issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, one of Lincoln’s goals was to. gain the active aid of Britain and France in restoring the Union. stir up enthusiasm for the war in such border states as Maryland and Kentucky.
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In issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, one of Lincoln’s goals was to • gain the active aid of Britain and France in restoring the Union. • stir up enthusiasm for the war in such border states as Maryland and Kentucky. • please the Radicals in the North by abolishing slavery in areas of the South already under the control of the Union armies. • please Russia, one of the Union’s few overseas friends, where the serfs had been emancipated the previous year. • keep Britain and France from intervening on the side of the Confederacy.
5-Card Draw: C.W. & Recon. Take 3 minutes to look up your term, concept, event, case, act, etc. Do NOT write on the card. You have 3 minutes to find the other people in the room who have concepts, events, etc. related to your own. As soon as you find 2 other people (a group of 3) make your way to an open corner (or the center of the room if the corners are occupied).
Election of 1860 • Lincoln wins the presidency without a receiving a single electoral vote from a southern state • Lincoln’s win causes South Carolina and, eventually 10 southern states to secede [break away] from the Union [U.S.A.]
Confederate States of Americaand Border States • Seceding states formed the Confederate States of America • Border States were slaves states that did NOT join the Confederacy – stayed in the Union (Lincoln believed these states were critical to Union victory)
The constitution of the Con-federate States of America: Jefferson Davis, former senator from Mississippi, became president of the Confederate States of America. closely resembled the U.S. Constitution. stressed the independence of each state. implied that states had the right to secede. forbid importing new slaves from other countries.
Fort Sumter When Lincoln took office: After Fort Sumter fell, Lincoln declared that insurrection existed. Four more southern states immediately joined the Confederacy. he urged peace between the Confederacy and the Union. he decided to try to hold on to the Union forts the Confederacy claimed, such as Fort Sumter. However, Confederate forces attacked and captured the fort in defiance of Lincoln.
Emancipation Proclamation He drafted the Emancipation Proclamation to abolish slavery. In the summer of 1862, he shared it with his Cabinet who supported it. They decided to wait for a Union battle victory to announce the plan.
Antietam Union troops attacked Lee at Antietam, before Lee was able to mount a surprise attack on the Union. The Battle at Antietam was the single bloodiest battle of the war with more than 23,000 soldiers dead or wounded. Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation after the Union victory at the Battle of Antietam in Maryland. It made the abolition of slavery one of the specific goals of the Union.
Lasted 3 days • Considered the bloodiest battle ever fought on U.S. soil • More than 50,000 southern and northern men dead or wounded • Turning point of Civil War
Vicksburg Grant’s strategy to take Vicksburg: • Gen. Grant captured Mississippi state capital, Jackson. • Gained control of the main rail line into Vicksburg and cut off all supplies. • Placed Vicksburgunder siege & divides South in half.
General Grant In early 1864, Lincoln put Grant in charge of the entire Union military effort Once in command of the Union forces, Grant followed a strategy of total war and pursued Lee relentlessly all the way to Richmond.
General Sherman On his march to the sea through Georgia, Sherman practiced strategy of total war. Sherman and his men tore up railroad tracks, destroyed buildings, and vandalized private homes. He forced people out of the city of Atlanta and then burned it. Southerners called the general “Sherman the Brute.”
Appomattox Lee formally surrendered to Grant in the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia on April 9, 1865. Conditions of the surrender were simply for the Confederates to “lay down their arms.”
RECONSTRUCTION With the end of the Civil War, the task at hand wasReconstruction, bringing the South back into the Union. Lincoln hoped to bind the wounds of the ruined South.Others wanted to punish the South. . .
Freedmen’s Bureaua federal agency designed to aid freed slaves and relieve the South’s immediate needs Lincoln and Congress agreed on the creation of the Freedmen’s Bureaujust before the war ended. This federal agency was to • Aid freed slaves • Attend to the South’s immediate needs. While debate over Reconstruction went on, Lincoln was assassinated. Andrew Johnson became President.
Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan • Pardoned southerners who swore allegiance to the Union • Denied pardons to all Confederate military & government officials, and to any who had killed African American war prisoners • States could draft new constitutions after 10% of voters had sworn allegiance • States could then hold elections to resume full participation in the Union
Civil Rights Act of 1866 • Outlawed the new black codes • Passed over President Johnson’s veto • Led to the creation of the 14th amendemnt
Reconstruction Act of 1867 Radical Republicans gained control of Congress and designed an ambitious Reconstruction plan. • They divided the South into five districts controlled by Union generals. • They required southern states to grant the vote to black men and pass the 14th Amendment. • By 1868 many southern states had black elected officials.
Black Codes "Every negro who shall be found absent from the residence of his employer after ten o'clock at night, without a written permit from his employer, shall pay a fine of five dollars, or . . . shall be compelled to work five days on the public road, or suffer corporal punishment. . . No negro shall be permitted to rent or keep a house within said [county]. . . Every negro is required to be in the regular service of some white person, or former owner, who shall be held responsible for [his] conduct. . . No negro. . . not in the military service shall be allowed to carry fire arms. . . without the special written permission of his employer. . . No negro shall sell, barter, or exchange any articles of merchandise or traffic within said [county] without the special written permission of his employer. . . " Adapted from The Americans: A History. (Evanston: McDougal, Littell & Co., 1991)
Inside/Outside Circle Card What was the first major battle of the Civil War where the South won, setting the tone for the early years of the war? Bull Run Wagner On the term side, write your name. On the blank side, write a QUESTION to which your term, concept, event, etc. is the answer (do NOT use the term in the question).
