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Functional Anatomy

Functional Anatomy. Chapter 5. Animal Surfaces and Body Systems. Any discussion of the structure and function of animals begins with an understanding of the terms dorsal, ventral, cranial or anterior, and caudal or posterior . Dorsal. Pertains to the upper surface of an animal. Ventral.

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Functional Anatomy

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  1. Functional Anatomy Chapter 5

  2. Animal Surfaces and Body Systems • Any discussion of the structure and function of animals begins with an understanding of the terms dorsal, ventral, cranial or anterior, and caudal or posterior.

  3. Dorsal • Pertains to the upper surface of an animal.

  4. Ventral • Relates to the lower or abdominal surface.

  5. Anterior or Cranial • Applies to the front of head of an animal.

  6. Posterior or Caudal • Pertains to the tail or rear of an animal.

  7. Intro. • Physiology, or the life functions of horses, occurs in body systems. Nine body systems are found in animals, including horses.

  8. Skeletal Muscular Digestive Urinary Respiratory Circulatory Nervous Reproductive Endocrine The Nine Systems

  9. Axial Skeleton: skull, spine, ribs, and breastbone, pelvis, and tail Appendicular Skeleton: forelegs and hindlegs Skeletal System

  10. Smooth Muscles: Ex. Digestive system and uterus of females Cardiac muscles: Found only in the heart. Striated orSkeletal Muscles: attach to bones Muscular System

  11. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Intestines Anus Liver Teeth Pancreas Salivary glands Digestive System

  12. Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra Urinary System

  13. Respiratory System • Nasal cavity • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi • Lungs

  14. Heart Veins Arteries Circulatory System

  15. Brain Spinal Cord Nerve Fibers Sensory Receptors Nervous System

  16. Kidney Uterus Cervix Rectum Vulva Ovary Vagina Urethra Bladder Ureter Fallopian Tube Reproductive System-Female

  17. Female Repro Tract

  18. Testicles Scrotum Urethra Retractor Cowper’s gland Prostate gland Seminal vesicle Bladder Kidney Ureter Vas defrens Epididymis Glans penis Prepuce (sheath) Reproductive System-Male

  19. Male Reproductive Tract

  20. Testis (male) Pancreas Thymus Trachea Thyroid Pituitary Adrenal Kidney Corpus Luteum Ovary (female) Follicle Endocrine System

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