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Warm up 9/9

Warm up 9/9. Copy the question before you answer it!!!!!! What is matter? How would you describe an orange to someone who has never seen one? (list all of the ways you would describe it). Properties of Matter. Physical Properties.

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Warm up 9/9

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  1. Warm up 9/9 Copy the question before you answer it!!!!!! • What is matter? • How would you describe an orange to someone who has never seen one? (list all of the ways you would describe it)

  2. Properties of Matter

  3. Physical Properties • How would you describe an orange to someone who has never seen one? • Orange in color • Round • Waxy feel to the rind • Juicy • Sweet • Each of these is a physical property • Anything that can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity • Without changing what the matter is

  4. Examples of physical properties • Color • Shape • Odor • Mass • Volume • Magnetism • Conducting electricity • strength • flexability

  5. Physical properties cont’d • Some physical properties can help you determine how to use a substance • Ex: whether its magnetic or if it would be strong enough to hold a certain weight • Using physical properties every day: • The “smell” test for dirty clothes • Color of fruit to see if its gone bad • Odor of milk to see if it has spoiled

  6. Density • Density is the amount of matter in a given space (volume) • In a density column, like the one at right, layers are formed based on the density of each liquid • The more dense something is, the more mass there is in it • All of these liquids have the same volume (take up the same amount of space in the tube), but not the same mass • The heaviest liquids will sink to the bottom because they are the most dense

  7. Density • Density is found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume D = m/v • The unit for density is a unit of mass by a unit of volume • Ex: g/cm3 or g/mL or kg/m3 • Do the Math Focus on page 47 as a class

  8. Let’s learn the properties song!!!

  9. Warm up 9/14 work on blue density review sheet from yesterday – we will go over it when the timer goes off

  10. Physical Changes • Physical changes only affect one or more physical properties of matter • Even though its melted, this is still a popsicle • You can still get the original substance back if it has gone through a physical change • What are some other examples of physical changes?

  11. Examples of physical changes • Ripped paper smashing up your car Sanding wood Why are these all physical changes?

  12. Chemical Properties • Describe matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties • Ex: flammability is the ability of a substance to burn • Wood is flammable – when it burns, it turns to ash • Ex: Reactivity is the ability of two or more substances to combine and form one or more new substances

  13. Examples of chemical properties • Flammability • The ability to catch on fire • toxicity • The ability to be poisonous • oxidation • The ability to react with oxygen • Why apples turn brown and metal rusts • combustion • The ability to explode and burn

  14. What’s the difference between the two types of properties/? • Physical properties can be observed (changing the size, color, shape of a substance) • You can’t always easily see chemical properties (you can’t know if something is flammable until you try to set it on fire)

  15. Chemical changes • Happen when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties • Signs of chemical changes: • change in color or odor, • production of heat, • bubbling, • sound or light being given off • Once a chemical change has occurred, you can rarely get back the original substances • Chemical changes change the composition (type) of the matter involved

  16. What’s the difference between the two types of changes? • Most physical changes are easily reversible • Because you are changing what the matter looks like, not the actual matter itself • You can not reverse chemical changes • because you are left with new substances • You have not only changed what the matter looks like, but the actual matter into something new

  17. Which one is it? • Are the following physical or chemical changes? • boiling water • tearing clothes • tarnishing silver • lighting a match • chewing a food • breaking a stick • rusting nail • burning gas in a stove • melting ice cream • sawing wood • digesting food for energy • stretching a rubber band

  18. The states of matter • The states of matter are the physical forms in which a substance can exist • Solid (IE: Ice) • Liquid (IE: drinking water) • Gas (IE: steam)

  19. The difference in the states • All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules • These atoms and molecules are constantly in motion and bumping into one another • The way these particles interact determines what state a substance is in

  20. The different states cont’d • Solids:the state of matter that has a definite shape and volume • IE: wood, ice, a metal pipe • In a solid, the particles are very close together • The particles only vibrate in place, they do not move from their immediate location

  21. The different states cont’d • Liquids: the state of matter that has a definite volume, but not a definite shape • IE: tap water, soup broth, rubbing alcohol • The particles of a liquid can move past each other so that the liquid takes the shape of the container • The particles do not move freely from one another

  22. The different states cont’d • Gas: the state of matter with no definite shape or volume • IE: steam, oxygen, helium • The particles move quickly and freely from each other

  23. Review • Explain why a golf ball is denser than a ping pong ball even though they are the same size • How can you determine that a coin is not pure silver if you know the mass and volume of the coin? • The Statue of Liberty was originally a copper color. After being exposed to the air, she turned a greenish color. Did a physical or chemical change take place? How do you know? • Describe the difference between physical and chemical changes in terms of what happens to the matter involved in each kind of change

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