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The Gilded Age 1877-1900

The Gilded Age 1877-1900. Timeline. Apr. 10, 1877: President Hayes begins to withdraw federal troops from the South, marking the official end to Reconstruction 1877- The Great railroad strike of 1877 begins as workers walk out on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

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The Gilded Age 1877-1900

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  1. The Gilded Age1877-1900

  2. Timeline • Apr. 10, 1877: President Hayes begins to withdraw federal troops from the South, marking the official end to Reconstruction • 1877- The Great railroad strike of 1877 begins as workers walk out on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad • 1878 -Thomas Edison establishes Edison Electric Light Co • 1881 - James Garfield is assassinated by Charles Guiteau. Chester A. Arthur becomes president • May 6 1882: Congress passes the Chinese Exclusion Act, barring Chinese Chinese immigration for ten years • Nov. 18, 1883: Railroads in the United States and Canada adopt a system of standard time • May 4 1886: The Haymarket Square bombing in Chicago kills seven police officers and wounds sixty

  3. Timeline • Dec. 8 1886: The American Federation of Labor was founded, with Samuel Gompers as president. Membership was restricted to skilled craftsmen. • 1887 - The Dawes Severalty Act is passed by Congress. It provides for 160 acres to be given individually to each Indian family.  • 1888 - Congress establishes a Department of Labor. • 1890 - Sherman Anti-trust Act is passed. • 1890 - Jacob Riis publishes How the Other Half Lives

  4. Timeline • May 10 1894: Pullman Strike. Workers at the Pullman sleeping car plant in Chicago go on strike after the company cut wages without reducing rents in company-owned housing. On June 26, the American Railway Union begins to boycott trains carrying Pullman cars • May 18 1896: Plessy v. Ferguson. The US Supreme Court rules that segregation of blacks and whites was permitted under the Constitution so long as both races receive equal facilities. • Apr. 25 to Aug. 12 1898: Spanish-American War. As a result of the conflict, the United States acquires Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. • May 28 1898: The Supreme Court rules that a child born of Chinese parents in the United States is an American citizen and cannot be deported under the Chinese Exclusion Act. • July 7 1898: President McKinley signs a resolution annexing Hawaii.

  5. Mark Twain • Coined the term “The Gilded Age” • His real name is Samuel Longhorne Clemens • Referred to as “The Father of American Literature” • Mark Twain published more than 30 books throughout his career such as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. • From 1901 until his death in 1910, Twain was vice president of the American Anti-Imperialist League. • “Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do than by the ones you did. So throw off the bowlines, Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream.” – Mark Twain

  6. Haymarket Square Bombing • An explosion in the middle of a labor strike in Chicago’s Haymarket Square in May 1886. • Seven police officers were killed and many people were wounded. • Everyone was quick to believe that the the Knights of Labor set off this bomb but later it was concluded that anarchists set off the bomb • This brought the end to the Knights of Labor and was a serious set back to the Labor Movement

  7. Hull House • A social settlement founded by Jane Addams in the slums of Chicago in 1889. • Hull House’s goal was to improve life for the city’s impoverished immigrants by offering them classes, counseling, and day-care services.

  8. Robber Barons • Businessmen and bankers who dominated respective industries and amassed huge personal fortunes, typically by anti-competitive or unfair business practices. In popular American culture, robber barons were usually depicted as men in suits with black top hats and walking sticks as typified by Rich Uncle Pennybags, the icon for the board game Monopoly. • Examples of Robber Barons are; Andrew Carnegie, Jay Cooke, and John D. Rockefeller

  9. Summary • The gilded age introduced many advances in technology, industry, and politics.It set the stage for the new upcoming century. • POLITICAL • Political Corruption • Forgotten Presidents • SOCIAL • Movement to the cities • End of the Frontier (1890 Census) • ECONOMIC • Robber Barons/Captains of Industry • ICC established • Horizontal/Vertical Integration

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