Understanding the Role of Medicine

1. The Role of Medicine – Chapter 23 L1 By Mrs. Garcia

2. Vocabulary • Medicines - R drugs that R used 2 treat or prevent disease of otr conditions. • Drugs - R substances otr than food that chg t structure of function of t body or mind. • Vaccine - Is a preparation introduced in 2 t body 2 stimulate an immune response. • Analgesics – Pain relievers • Side Effects – Reactions 2 meds otr than t 1 intended. • Additive Interaction – Occurs when meds work 2getr in a positive way. • Synergistic Effect – An interaction of 2 or more meds that result in a greater effect than when t meds R taken alone. 1 Med increases t strength of t otr. • Antagonistic Interaction – Occurs when t effect of 1 med is cancelled or reduced when taken w/ano med.

3. ALL MEDS R DRUGS BUT NOT ALL DRUGS R MEDS.

4. Meds R sorted into 4 categories. • Meds that prevent disease • Meds that fight pathogens • Meds that relieve pain • Meds that promote health –

5. Meds that prevent disease • 2 types of preventive meds. • Vaccines – contain weaken or dead pathogens 2 produce antibodies 2 fight pathogens. • Antitoxins – R extracts of blood & act more quickly than vaccines. ( R produced by inoculating animals [sheep, horses, rabbits] w/toxins to produce t antibodies) • Examples R Tetanus/Diphtheria

6. Meds that fight pathogens • Antibodies R chemical agents that destroy disease causing mircro-organisms. • Antibodies kill bacteria in body or prevent bacteria from producing • Recently some bacteria resists Penicillin • Overuse of antibiotics makes bacteria immune to it. • Example Pneumococcus that cause ear & sinus infection is immune to Penicillin. • Need to finish med & not over use. • Viruses use antivirus meds • Antifungal cure or suppress athletes foot or ringworm.

7. Meds that relieve pain • Pain relievers or analgesics • Aspirin • Are Opium based • Morphene • Codine • Aspirin relieves pain & fever • Is dangerous 4 child under 20 • Can cause Reye’s Syndrone-life threatening illness of the brain. • People sensitive to aspirin can take acetaminophen/ibuprofen

8. Meds that promote health – • Meds that promote health help people w/chronic disease 2 live better. Some types of meds R: • Allergy Meds-Help w/sneezing, itching or watery eyes/runny nose. Antihistamines • Body regulating Meds – regulare body chemistry • Asthma – Inhalers • Insulin – Diabetes • Cardiovascular – Blood Pressure • Antidepressants/Antipsychotic meds • Help normalize brain • Depression/Schizophrenia • Cancer Meds • Reduce cell growth • Stop spread of cancer cells • Chemotherapy – Introvienously

9. Other Problems • The body requires more med b-cause a sm dose is not enough. • Some people experience reverse tolerance (need less not more) • W/D come when a person stops using a med. • Med that cause dependence and W/D are codeine • W/D symptoms R nervousness, insomnia, severe headaches, vomiting, chills/cramps.

10. Medicine Safety • FDA – Food & Drug Administration • Set standards (rules & regulations) • Decide which meds R prescribed by a Dr and which R over the counter.

11. Med’s Misuse • A person gives someone’s med to ano. • Taking too much/little med • Stop taking med W/O Dr approval • Mixing Meds